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RUSVM Anatomy I > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

How many cervical spinal nerves are there?

A

8

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2
Q

Where do the cervical nerves arise from?

A

First pair comes from the lateral vertebral foramen of atlas

Remaining emerge cranial to corresponding cervical vertebrae

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3
Q

What are the two branches of CSN 2?

A

Greater auricular nerve

Transverse cervical nerve

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4
Q

What muscle does the accessory cranial nerve innervate?

A

Trapezius

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5
Q

What is the function of the CNS?

A

Relays and integrates info received from the periphery of the body

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6
Q

What is the function of the PNS?

A

Transmit sensory input and motor output to/from CNS from/to periphery of body

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7
Q

What are the organs of the CNS?

A

Brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

What is the structure of the CNS?

A 
Gray matter (nuclei)
White matter (tracts)
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9
Q

What is the structure of the PNS?

A

Nerves (white matter)

Ganglia (gray matter)

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10
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Electrical conducting cells

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11
Q

What are the parts of a neuron?

A

Receiving end: dendrites, relays information towards the cell body

Conducting end: axon, relays information away from the body

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12
Q

What are afferent and efferent neurons?

A

Afferent: sensory neurons that relay information to the CNS

Efferent: motor neurons from the CNS

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13
Q

What is the difference of a somatic and visceral neuron?

A

Somatic deals with transfer of information to/from skeletal muscle

Visceral deals with transfer of information to/from involuntary tissue

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14
Q

Interneurons

A

Provide integration of information between various regions of the CNS

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15
Q

In what location are all nerves mixed?

A

Spinal nerves

Dorsal root: afferent neurons
Ventral root: efferent neurons

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16
Q

What are the major divisions of the ANS?

A

Anatomic
Physiological
Pharmacological

17
Q

What are the physiological components of the ANS?

A

Sympathetic division
Fight or flight
Increases energy consumption

Parasympathetic division
Rest and digest
Gains and conserves energy

18
Q

What are the anatomical divisions of the ANS?

A 
Thoracolumbar
     Sympathetic division
     Pre synaptic fibers exit from T1-L5
     Short fibers
     Generally synapse with sympathetic ganglia

Craniosacral
Parasympathetic division
Pre synaptic fibers are long
Synapse with ganglia in organs that they innervate

19
Q

What are the pharmacological regions of the ANS?

A

Adrenergic receptors which release adrenaline

Cholinergic receptors which release acetylcholine

20
Q

Where are presynaptic cell bodies located in the SNS?

A

Thoracic and lumbar portion of the spinal cord

21
Q

What ganglia form the sympathetic trunk?

A

Presynaptic sympathetic nervous system ganglia

22
Q

What makes up paravertebral ganglia?

A

Post-synaptic sympathetic cell bodies located on either side of vertebral bodies

23
Q

Axons of pre-SNS neurons may synapse with post-SNS cell bodies in:

A

Ganglia of paravertebral chain
Ganglia located in cervical chain
Pre-vertebral ganglia

24
Q

What are the three ganglia within the cervical region?

A

Cervicothoracic ganglia
Middle cervical ganglia
Cranial cervical ganglia

25
Q

Where are the pre-vertebral ganglia and which ganglia make up this region?

A

Caudal to the diaphragm

Celiac ganglion
Cranial mesenteric ganglion
Caudal mesenteric ganglion

26
Q

What axons are the splanchnic nerves made from and where do they not synapse with?

A

Pre-SNS axons

Paravertebral chain

27
Q

What are hypogastric nerves made of and where do they innervate?

A

Post-SNS axons

Innervate viscera from the pelvic cavity

28
Q

Where are pre-synaptic cell bodies of PSNS located?

A

Brain nuclei and sacral regions of spinal cord

29
Q

Where are post synaptic PSNS ganglia found?

A

Within the viscera of the organ they serve

30
Q

Ansa subclavia

A

This is a loop formed by the division of the sympathetic trunk around the subclavian artery

31
Q

Where do SNS and PSNS fibers share the same sheath?

A

Vagosympathetic trunk

These fibers don’t synapse

The nerves travel in opposite directions

SNS fibers travel cranially and PSNS fibers travel caudally

32
Q

Where are the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves found?

A

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve is found curving around the ligamentum arteriosum and the aortic arch

Right recurrent laryngeal nerve is foundcurving around the right subclavian artery

33
Q

Phrenic nerves

A

Supply somatic motor innervation to the diaphragm

Mixed nerves

RUSVM Anatomy I (9 decks)

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