Abdomen Flashcards
What is the the structure that was previously known as the umbilical vein in the fetus that extends from the umblicus to the diaphragm?
Falciform ligament
Greater omentum
Dorsal mesentary
Has a superficial and deep leaf with a bursa in between the leaves
What did of the abdomen does the stomach mainly lie on?
The left side….changes depending on amount of food in the stomach
What is the cardia?
Small area surrounding the esophageal entrance
Fundus
Blind region of the stomach extending mostly on the left side, first portion of the stomach
Body of the stomach
Largest region of the stomach
Pyloric region
Funnel shaped terminal portion of the stomach
What are the two divisions of the pyloric region?
Pyloric antrum: continuation of the gastric body, first two thirds of pyloric region
Pyloric canal: tapering portion into the duodenum
What is the muscular portion that surrounds the terminal portion of the pyloric canal as it transitions into the duodenum?
Pyloric sphincter
Greater and lesser curvature of the stomach
Greater curvature: faces caudoventrally and to the left, attachment of the greater omentum
Lesser curvature: faces craniodorsally and to the right, wraps around papillary process of liver and attachment of the lesser omentum
What are the components that make up the small intestine in order from oral to aboral?
Duodenum, jejunum and the ileum
Where does the duodenum begin?
Caudal to the pyloric sphincter
What structure holds the duodenum in place?
Mesoduodenum
What lies within the the medial side of the descending duodenum?
Right lobe of the pancreas
What are the two papilla inside the duodenum and what drains into them?
Major papilla: pancreatic duct and bike duct
Minor papilla: accessory pancreatic duct
What is the area called where the duodenum and jejunum join?
Duodenojejunal flexure
What is the longest and most mobile portion of the small intestine?
Jejunum
What is the end portion of the jejunum called?
Jejunoileal junction
What is the short terminal portion of the small intestine?
Ileum
End is called the ileocolic orifice
Where does the large intestine begin and what does it contain?
Begins at the cecum
Contains the colon, rectum and anal canal
Cecum
Blind ended pouch at the portion of small and large intestinal junction
What is the major portion of the large intestine?
Colon
What are the portions of the colon?
Ascending colon (shortest portion) Right colic flexure Transverse colon Left colic flexure Descending colon
What two ways does the pancreas act?
Exocrine and endocrine functions
What are the parts of the pancreas and where are they located?
Right lobe: embedded in the mesoduodenum of the descending duodenum
Body: in the angle formed by the pyloric region of the stomach and the beginning of the duodenum
Left lobe: lies in the deep layer of the greater omentum
What are the two ducts of the pancreas?
Pancreatic duct (major papilla of the duodenum)
Accessory pancreatic duct (minor papilla of the duodenum)
What is the role of the liver?
Exocrine and endocrine functions
Plays a role in metabolism of food and the other detoxification of numerous substances
How many lobes does the kidney have?
6
Left lateral, left medial, quadrate, right medial, right lateral and caudate lobes
Porta of the liver
Similar to the hilus of the lung (transmits hepatic vessels, nerves, lymphatics and the bile duct
What is the specific portion of the greater omentum that extends between the stomach and the spleen?
Gastrosplenic ligament
Ureters
Portion of the kidney that extends caudally from the hilus towards the bladder
