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Human Physiology Block 1 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

SNS or ANS: voluntary

A

somatic

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2
Q

SNS or ANS: monosynaptic

A

somatic

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3
Q

SNS or ANS:neuron cell bodies in CNS

A

somatic

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4
Q

SNS or ANS: all neurons are excitatory

A

somatic

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5
Q

SNS or ANS: Effectors regulated= skeletal muscle

A

somatic

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6
Q

SNS or ANS: response time= rapid

A

somatic

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7
Q

SNS or ANS: involuntary

A

ANS

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8
Q

SNS or ANS: di-synaptic (2 neurons in chain)

A

ANS

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9
Q

ANS: preganglionic neuron cell bodies are in the ( ), but the postganglionic neuron cell bodies are found in ( )

A
  • CNS

- ganglia in the periphery

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10
Q

SNS or ANS: neurons are excitatory and inhibitory

A

ANS

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11
Q

SNS or ANS: effectors regulated= smooth muscle and glands

A

ANS

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12
Q

SNS or ANS: response time is slow

A

ANS

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13
Q

efferent or afferent: motor neuron

A

efferent

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14
Q

efferent or affterent: sensory neuron

A

afferent

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15
Q

sympathetic nervous system: preganglionic fibers exit spinal cord from ( )

A

T1 to L2

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16
Q

parasympathetic nervous system: preganglionic fibers originate in ( )

A

the brain

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17
Q

smooth muscle surrounded by blood vessels only

A

sympathetic

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18
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: cell bodies located on thoracic/lumbar region of spinal cord

A

sympathetic

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19
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: cell bodies located in cranial and sacral region

A

parasympathetic

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20
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: paired chains of ganglia in close proximity to spinal cord

A

sympathetic

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21
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: ganglia in walls of effector structures

A

parasympathetic

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22
Q

both divisions of ANS consists of ( )

A

1) preganglionic fibers
2) autonomic ganglis
3) postganglionic fibers

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23
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: preganglionic fibers= short

A

sympathetic

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24
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: preganglionic fiber= long

A

parasympathetic

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25
sympathetic/parasympathetic: postganglionic fiber= long
sympathetic
26
sympathetic/parasympathetic: postganglionic fiber= short
parasympathetic
27
sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at ganglionic synapse= Ach
sympathetic AND parasympathetic
28
sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at postganglionic effector junction= norepinepherine
sympathetic
29
sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at postganglionic effector junction= Ach
parasympathetic
30
modified sympathetic ganglion
adrenal glands
31
adrenal glands stimulated by ( )
sympathetic system
32
what do adrenal glands secrete?
epinepherine (85%) & norepinepherine (15%)
33
sympathetic system activated as a unit- affects all effector organs at same time
Mass Activation
34
PRE-ganglionic fibers branch to synapse with numerous post-ganglionic neurons located in ganglia
Divergence
35
POST-ganglionic neuron receives input from larger number of pre-ganglionic fibers
Convergence
36
cholinergic receptors
- nicotinic | - muscarinic
37
cholinergic NT
Ach
38
adrenegic receptors
- Alpha | - Beta
39
adrenegic NT
norepinepherine
40
choline + Acetyl coenzyme A -->
Ach + Coenzyme A
41
Ach hydrolysis or destruction by
cholinesterases
42
NE enzyme destruction
COMT and MAO
43
If you gave someone curare, what would happen?
?
44
receptor: - stimulated by Ach - present in smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle, CNS
muscarinic
45
muscarinic receptors blocked by
atropine
46
receptor: - stimulated by Ach - present in autonomic ganglia and in CNS
nicotinic
47
nictonic blocked by
curare
48
receptor: | - stimulated by norepinepthrine
alpha AND beta receptors
49
alpha receptors blocked by
phenoxybenzamine or phentolamin (vasoconstriction)
50
beta receptors blocked by
propranolal (vasodilation)
51
beta receptor: cardiac effects and liplysis
beta1
52
beta receptor: vasodepression, bronchodilation
beta2
53
alpha receptor: constriction of vascular smooth muscle
alpha1
54
alpha receptor: many targets
alpha2
55
eyes: sympathetic
contraction of radial muscle (widens pupil)
56
eyes: parasympathetic
contraction of sphincter muscle (makes pupil smaller)
57
heart: sympathetic
increase in heart rate, contractility, and conduction
58
heart: parasympathetic
decrease in HR, contractility, and conduction
59
arterioles: sympathetic
constriction of coronary, skin/mucous membrane, abdominal viscera & kidnes, salivary glands
60
arterioles: parasympathetic
vasculature not innervated by parasymathetic
61
lungs: sympathetic
- bronchial muscle= relaxation | - mucus glands= inhibition of secretion
62
lungs: parasympathetic
- bronchial muscle= constriction | - mucus glands= stimulation of secretion
63
salivary glands: sympathetic
decreased secretion
64
salivary glands: parasympathetic
increase secretion
65
sweat glands: sympathetic
stimulate secretion
66
sweat glands: parasympathetic
none
67
stomach: sympathetic
- motility: inhibit | - sphincters: contraction (closing stimulated)
68
stomach: parasympathetic:
- motility: stimulate | - sphincters: relaxation (closing inhibited)
69
gallbladder & ducts: sympathetic
relaxation
70
gallbladder & ducts: parasympathetic
contraction
71
liver: sympathetic
stimulate glycogen hydrolysis
72
liver: parasympathetic
none
73
pancreas: sympathetic
- exocrine glands: decrease in secretion | - endocrine glands (islets): inhibit insulin and glucagon secretion
74
pancrease: parasympathetic
- exocrine: stimulate secretion | - endocrine: stimulate insulin secretion
75
skin: sympathetic
contraction of errector pilli
76
skin: parasympathetic
none
77
clinical problems: inhibit exocytosis of synaptic vesicles- prevent NT release
botulinum toxins
78
clinical problems: inhibits AChE in skeletal muscles
nerve gas
79
clinical problems: spastic paralysis due to ACh persistent stimulation of postsynaptic cell
nerve gas
80
clinical problems: rapid degredation of ACh by AChE
Myasthenia gravis
81
clinical problems: loss of cholinergic neurons (use ACh); treat by increasing ACh in brain by consuming choline containing products
Alzheimer's Disease
82
clinical problems: blocks reuptake of monoamines (NE & dopamine) into presynaptic axon endings; overstimulates dopamine pathways
cocaine
83
clinical problems: overactivity of dopaminergic pathways
schizophrenia
84
clinical problems: sympathomimetic!
schizophrenia
85
clinical problems: inadequate dopamine; treat with L-dopa
Parkinson's Disease

Human Physiology Block 1 (15 decks)

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