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Human Physiology Block 1 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

SNS or ANS: voluntary

A

somatic

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2
Q

SNS or ANS: monosynaptic

A

somatic

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3
Q

SNS or ANS:neuron cell bodies in CNS

A

somatic

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4
Q

SNS or ANS: all neurons are excitatory

A

somatic

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5
Q

SNS or ANS: Effectors regulated= skeletal muscle

A

somatic

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6
Q

SNS or ANS: response time= rapid

A

somatic

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7
Q

SNS or ANS: involuntary

A

ANS

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8
Q

SNS or ANS: di-synaptic (2 neurons in chain)

A

ANS

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9
Q

ANS: preganglionic neuron cell bodies are in the ( ), but the postganglionic neuron cell bodies are found in ( )

A
  • CNS

- ganglia in the periphery

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10
Q

SNS or ANS: neurons are excitatory and inhibitory

A

ANS

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11
Q

SNS or ANS: effectors regulated= smooth muscle and glands

A

ANS

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12
Q

SNS or ANS: response time is slow

A

ANS

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13
Q

efferent or afferent: motor neuron

A

efferent

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14
Q

efferent or affterent: sensory neuron

A

afferent

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15
Q

sympathetic nervous system: preganglionic fibers exit spinal cord from ( )

A

T1 to L2

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16
Q

parasympathetic nervous system: preganglionic fibers originate in ( )

A

the brain

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17
Q

smooth muscle surrounded by blood vessels only

A

sympathetic

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18
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: cell bodies located on thoracic/lumbar region of spinal cord

A

sympathetic

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19
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: cell bodies located in cranial and sacral region

A

parasympathetic

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20
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: paired chains of ganglia in close proximity to spinal cord

A

sympathetic

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21
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: ganglia in walls of effector structures

A

parasympathetic

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22
Q

both divisions of ANS consists of ( )

A

1) preganglionic fibers
2) autonomic ganglis
3) postganglionic fibers

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23
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: preganglionic fibers= short

A

sympathetic

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24
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: preganglionic fiber= long

A

parasympathetic

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25
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: postganglionic fiber= long

A

sympathetic

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26
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: postganglionic fiber= short

A

parasympathetic

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27
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at ganglionic synapse= Ach

A

sympathetic AND parasympathetic

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28
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at postganglionic effector junction= norepinepherine

A

sympathetic

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29
Q

sympathetic/parasympathetic: chemical transmitter at postganglionic effector junction= Ach

A

parasympathetic

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30
Q

modified sympathetic ganglion

A

adrenal glands

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31
Q

adrenal glands stimulated by ( )

A

sympathetic system

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32
Q

what do adrenal glands secrete?

A

epinepherine (85%) & norepinepherine (15%)

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33
Q

sympathetic system activated as a unit- affects all effector organs at same time

A

Mass Activation

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34
Q

PRE-ganglionic fibers branch to synapse with numerous post-ganglionic neurons located in ganglia

A

Divergence

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35
Q

POST-ganglionic neuron receives input from larger number of pre-ganglionic fibers

A

Convergence

36
Q

cholinergic receptors

A
  • nicotinic

- muscarinic

37
Q

cholinergic NT

A

Ach

38
Q

adrenegic receptors

A
  • Alpha

- Beta

39
Q

adrenegic NT

A

norepinepherine

40
Q

choline + Acetyl coenzyme A –>

A

Ach + Coenzyme A

41
Q

Ach hydrolysis or destruction by

A

cholinesterases

42
Q

NE enzyme destruction

A

COMT and MAO

43
Q

If you gave someone curare, what would happen?

A

?

44
Q

receptor:

  • stimulated by Ach
  • present in smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle, CNS
A

muscarinic

45
Q

muscarinic receptors blocked by

A

atropine

46
Q

receptor:

  • stimulated by Ach
  • present in autonomic ganglia and in CNS
A

nicotinic

47
Q

nictonic blocked by

A

curare

48
Q

receptor:

- stimulated by norepinepthrine

A

alpha AND beta receptors

49
Q

alpha receptors blocked by

A

phenoxybenzamine or phentolamin (vasoconstriction)

50
Q

beta receptors blocked by

A

propranolal (vasodilation)

51
Q

beta receptor: cardiac effects and liplysis

A

beta1

52
Q

beta receptor: vasodepression, bronchodilation

A

beta2

53
Q

alpha receptor: constriction of vascular smooth muscle

A

alpha1

54
Q

alpha receptor: many targets

A

alpha2

55
Q

eyes: sympathetic

A

contraction of radial muscle (widens pupil)

56
Q

eyes: parasympathetic

A

contraction of sphincter muscle (makes pupil smaller)

57
Q

heart: sympathetic

A

increase in heart rate, contractility, and conduction

58
Q

heart: parasympathetic

A

decrease in HR, contractility, and conduction

59
Q

arterioles: sympathetic

A

constriction of coronary, skin/mucous membrane, abdominal viscera & kidnes, salivary glands

60
Q

arterioles: parasympathetic

A

vasculature not innervated by parasymathetic

61
Q

lungs: sympathetic

A
  • bronchial muscle= relaxation

- mucus glands= inhibition of secretion

62
Q

lungs: parasympathetic

A
  • bronchial muscle= constriction

- mucus glands= stimulation of secretion

63
Q

salivary glands: sympathetic

A

decreased secretion

64
Q

salivary glands: parasympathetic

A

increase secretion

65
Q

sweat glands: sympathetic

A

stimulate secretion

66
Q

sweat glands: parasympathetic

A

none

67
Q

stomach: sympathetic

A
  • motility: inhibit

- sphincters: contraction (closing stimulated)

68
Q

stomach: parasympathetic:

A
  • motility: stimulate

- sphincters: relaxation (closing inhibited)

69
Q

gallbladder & ducts: sympathetic

A

relaxation

70
Q

gallbladder & ducts: parasympathetic

A

contraction

71
Q

liver: sympathetic

A

stimulate glycogen hydrolysis

72
Q

liver: parasympathetic

A

none

73
Q

pancreas: sympathetic

A
  • exocrine glands: decrease in secretion

- endocrine glands (islets): inhibit insulin and glucagon secretion

74
Q

pancrease: parasympathetic

A
  • exocrine: stimulate secretion

- endocrine: stimulate insulin secretion

75
Q

skin: sympathetic

A

contraction of errector pilli

76
Q

skin: parasympathetic

A

none

77
Q

clinical problems: inhibit exocytosis of synaptic vesicles- prevent NT release

A

botulinum toxins

78
Q

clinical problems: inhibits AChE in skeletal muscles

A

nerve gas

79
Q

clinical problems: spastic paralysis due to ACh persistent stimulation of postsynaptic cell

A

nerve gas

80
Q

clinical problems: rapid degredation of ACh by AChE

A

Myasthenia gravis

81
Q

clinical problems: loss of cholinergic neurons (use ACh); treat by increasing ACh in brain by consuming choline containing products

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

82
Q

clinical problems: blocks reuptake of monoamines (NE & dopamine) into presynaptic axon endings; overstimulates dopamine pathways

A

cocaine

83
Q

clinical problems: overactivity of dopaminergic pathways

A

schizophrenia

84
Q

clinical problems: sympathomimetic!

A

schizophrenia

85
Q

clinical problems: inadequate dopamine; treat with L-dopa

A

Parkinson’s Disease

Human Physiology Block 1 (15 decks)

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