ANS 2 Flashcards
Has prominent CNS effects than atropine and has increased BBB permeation
Scopolamine
Antidote to Atropine Toxicity
Physostigmine
Causes CNS depression
(+) sedation
But at higher doses, can have excitation
Scopolamine ( S = Sedation)
Atropine = CNS excitation
Selective for M1, M4 receptors inhibiting gastric acid secretion
Also used for peptic ulcer disease
Pirenzipine and Telenzipine
Telenzipine more potent
Used to relieve symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease
Benztropine
(Park my Benz)
Also blocks Dopamine re-uptake and storage
Used to treat spams of the bladder
Oxybutynin
Tertiary Amine Muscarinic Receptor Blockers
Telenzipine Oxybutynin Pirenzipine Tropicamide Atropine Benztropine Scopolamine
(TOP TABS)
Quaternary Amine efficient in Antisialogogue
Glycopyrrolate
M1 - stomach
M2 - no effect on eye, Inc HR
M3 - Antisialogogue
(Does not cross BBB - no effects on CNS)
Muscarinic blocker efficient in Increasing HR
Atropine
Muscarinic blocker efficient in Mydriasis and prevention of motion-induced nausea
Scopolamine
Blocks all types of muscarinic receptors and used for COPD and rhinorrhea
Tiotropium
Ipratropium Bromide
Quaternary Amines
Glycopyrrolate
Tiotropium
Ipratropium Bromide
(GIT)
Muscarinic Receptor Blockers
GIT TOP TABS
Adverse effects of Muscarinic Receptor Blockers
Dry mouth Blurred Vision Hot, Flushed skin Constipation Difficulty Urination Tachycardia CNS Effects: Confusion, Sedation, delirium
Contraindications of Muscarinic Blockers
Open-angle Glaucoma
Prostatic Hypertrophy
Obstructive disease of the GIT and Urinary tract
POGI
Impairs ganglionic transmission by blocking the channel after it opens
Hexamethonium
An anti-hypertensive agent
Hexamethonium
Trimethaphan
(Hexamethonium very potent)
(anTi-H)
Impair ganglionic transmission by competing with
acetylcholine for ganglionic nicotinic receptor sites
(similar to the curare)
Trimethaphan
(+) effectivity of low doses for blocking the central and peripheral effects of nicotine
Mecamylamine
addiction, mood disorders…
Ganglionic Blockers
Hexamethonium
Trimethaphan
Mecamylamine
(Gang of MeTH)
Initially depolarizes the membrane and will follow a neuromuscular blockade which is potentiated by Anti-AChE drugs
Succinylcholine
Relaxant, Hyperthermia, HyperKalemia, (+) histamine release
Skeletal muscle relaxant for facilitation of Endotracheal intubation
Succinylcholine
Can induce Malignant Hyperthermia in susceptible patients
Succinylcholine
Effect of d-Tubocurarine in the Cardiovascular system
Hypotension
