Ankle

Question 1

Which tendons wrap around the lateral malleolus?

Answer 1

perennial tendons

Question 2

Name the ligaments of the lateral ankle.

Answer 2

anterior talofibular (most commonly strained)
falcaneofibular ligament

Question 3

Name the ligaments of the posterior ankle.

Answer 3

posterior inferior talk fibular ligament

posterior talofibular ligament

Question 4

Name the ligaments of the medial ankle.

Answer 4

deltoid ligaments (deep and superficial)

Question 5

Which ligaments are considered the syndesmotic ligaments?

Answer 5

anterior inferior tibia-fibular ligament
interosseos membrane
(control the relationship between the tibia and fibula)

Question 6

What is the first and last ligaments to rupture during and inversion injury?

Answer 6

ATFL –> CFL –> posterior talo-fibular ligament

Question 7

What is a high ankle sprain?

Answer 7

involves the syndesmotic involvement

Question 8

What is a high ankle sprain?

Answer 8

involves the syndesmotic involvement

Question 9

What type of stress testing might you perform to see if there is play in the ankle joint?

Answer 9

anterior drawer and talar tilt (inversion laxity)

Question 10

Positive talar tilt often means what type of injury?

Answer 10

CFL disruption

Question 11

What is the standard treatment for an ankle sprain?

Answer 11

RICE, crutches and bracing for a short time (graduate therapy)
recovery is expected, rate is variable and surgery is rare

Question 12

Name some common ankle sprain impersonators.

Answer 12

osteochondral lesion of the talar dome
fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneous
fracture of the lateral process of the talus
perennial tendon dislocation

Question 13

Name some common ankle sprain impersonators.

Answer 13

osteochondral lesion of the talar dome
fracture of the anterior process of the calcaneous
fracture of the lateral process of the talus
perennial tendon dislocation
chiles tendon ruptures

Question 14

What are diagnostic tests for an achilles tendon rupture?

Answer 14

thompson test ( squeeze calf look for passive flexion)
MRI
(30-40 somethings that over-work out on a whim and have an injury as they’re pushing off and feel like they’ve been kicked in the back of the heel)

Question 15

Is treatment for an Achilles tendon rupture operative or non-operative

Answer 15

depends on the patients, evidence to support the use of both methods, consider the patient demands and co-morbidities

Question 16

Which is most common and which is more severe: malleolar and pilon fractures?

Answer 16

malleolar fractures: more common (twisting injury)

pilot fractures: more severe (axial crush injuries)

Question 17

The goal of ankle fracture care is to maintain or restore ____ ____ of the ankle joint.

Answer 17

mortise alignment of the ankle joint

Question 18

The goal of ankle fracture care is to maintain or restore ____ ____ of the ankle joint.

Answer 18

mortise alignment of the ankle joint

Question 19

What would you expect to find on the x-ray of a normal mortise joint?

Answer 19

joint space symmetry

Question 20

What determines whether an injury to the mortise is surgical or non-surgical?

Answer 20

intact alignment is non-surgical; disrupted mortise means surgical repair