Animals, Animals, Animals Flashcards
Bacteria
Simple unicellular organisms
Archaea
Simple unicellular organisms that often live in extreme environments
Protista
Unicellular and more complex than bacteria or archaea
Fungi
Unicellular or multicellular and absorb food
Plants
Multicellular and make their own food
Animals
Multicellular and take in their own food
Nutritional mode
Heterotrophs
Ingest organic material
Digest within bodies
Metazoan
Includes all animals that have a body composed of cells differentiated into tissue and organs usually includes a digestive cavity
What is the ancestor of animals?
Choanoflagellate
Chanoflagellate
It is not an animal, it’s a microbe that feeds off of bacteria
Evolution from choanoflagellates happen around…
700 mya
First multicellular eukaryotic fossil animals happened around
630-540 million years ago
First animals were mostly soft-bodied…
Multicellular eukaryotes
The Cambrian explosion was about…
535-252 mya
How many phyla evolved from the Cambrian explosion?
20-35
After the Cambrian explosion, what was developed?
Predators and prey
Claws, body armor, sharp spines, etc.
Bilateral symmetry
Animals have two sides
Complete digestive tract
Mouth on one end and anus on the other
Evolution of chordates happened…
590 mya
Vertebrates were developed…
525 mya
Tetrapods were developed…
400 mya
Chordate
Animal in the phylum chordata
What are the four homologous characters of chordate?
- Notochord
- Dorsal hollow nerve cord
- Pharyngeal slits
- Post-anal tail
Vertebrate
Chordates with backbones: all animal species within the subphylum vertebrata
Ex. Jawless fishes, Jawed fishes like sharks, rays, ratfish
Tetrapod
Four limbed animals evolved from sarcoptyergian fish (lobe-finned fishes)
Includes: amphibians, reptiles, mammals
