Animal tissues Flashcards
1
Q
Type of tissue
A
Cuboidal epithelial tissue
2
Q
Type of tissue
A
Squamous epithelial tissue
3
Q
Type of tissue
A
Columnar epithelial tissue
4
Q
Type of tissue
A
Ciliated epithelial tissue
5
Q
Type of tissue
A
Stratified squamous epithelium
6
Q
Type of tissue
A
Smooth muscle tissue
7
Q
Type of tissue
A
Cardiac muscle tissue
8
Q
Type of tissue
A
Striated skeletal muscle
9
Q
Type of tissue
A
Hyaline cartilage (connective)
10
Q
Type of tissue
A
Areolar connective tissue
11
Q
Type of tissue
A
Compact bone tissue
12
Q
Type of tissue
A
Spongy bone tissue
13
Q
Type of tissue
A
nerve tissue
14
Q
Types of epithelial tissue
A
- Squamous
- Cuboidal
- Columnar
- Ciliated
- Stratified (of different types)
15
Q
Function of squamous epithelium
A
- Protects underlying tissue
- Permeable to gases and liquids
- revents friction
16
Q
Function of ciliated epithelium tissue
A
- Dust trapped in mucus
- Cilia move and expell mucus
- Helps detect stimuli in sense organs
- Cilia move ensuring ovum moves in fallopian tubes
17
Q
Cells that secrete mucus in epithelial tissue
A
Goblet cells
18
Q
Types of connective tissue
A
- Areolar connective tissue
- Dense connective tissue
- Cartilage
- Bone
- Blood
19
Q
Structure of areolar connective tissue
A
- Matrix jelly like
- Yellow elastic fibres
- White inelastic collagen fibres
- Fibroblast cells, leucocutes and fat cells
20
Q
Functions of areolar connective tissue
A
- Insulating
- protects organs
- stores fat (adipose/fat tissue)
21
Q
Types of dense connective tissue
A
Tendons
Ligaments
22
Q
Structure of tendons
A
Lots of white, inelastic fibres
23
Q
Structure of ligament tissue
A
Lots of yellow, elastic fibres
24
Q
Structure of cartilage tissue
A
- Rubbery matrix
- Fluid filled spaces called lacunae
- Cartilage cells called chondrocytes in the lacunae
- Cartilage tisue enclosed by fibrous membrane called the perichondrium
25
Functions of cartilage
* Connects bones
* Forms deep joint cavities to prevent dislocation
* Shock absorber between bones
* Prevents friction in joints
* Keeps trachea and other airways open
* Forms flexible permanent structures like the ear and nose
26
Central canals found in bone tissue
Haversian canals
27
Matrix composition of bone tissue
Calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate
28
Contained in the haversian canals of bone
* Blood vessels
* nerves
* lymphatic vessels
29
Concentric layers of bone around a haversian canal
Lamellae
30
Fluid filled spaces in the lamellae of bone
lacunae
31
Bone cells in the lacunae are called?
Osteocytes
32
Small canals connecting the lacunae and diffeent lamellae
Canaliculi
33
Fibrous membrane enclosing the bone tissue
Periosteum
34
Functions of bone tissue
* **Supporting** framework giving shape and rigidity
* **Protects** delicate organs
* Place of attachment for muscles for **movement**
* **Blood corpuscles** manufactured in bone marrow
* **Mineral storage** (calcium) in bone tissue
35
Matrix of blood tissue
Blood plasma
36
Location of blood tissue
Arteries, capillary vessels and veins
37
Types of blood cells
* Erythrocytes (Red blood corpuscles)
* Leucocytes (White blood cells)
* Thrombocytes (Blood platelets)
38
Main functions of blood tissue
* Transport nutrients and wastes
* White blood cells for the immune system
39
Functions of blood plasma
* Transports nutrients and wastes
* Helps to regulate body temperature
* Transports hormones to target organs
* Plasma proteins help to clot blood when required
40
Functions of erythrocyes (red blood corpuscles)
* Transport oxygen
* Transport carbon dioxide
41
Effect of atmospheric pressure on red blood cells
* As pressure is decreased, the body produces more red blood cells
* This helps the person get enough oxygen from oxygen depleted air
* This occurs at higher altitudes
42
Functions of white blood cells
* Engulf pathogens and foreign substances to prevent infection
* Produce antibodies that destroy bacteria and viruses
43
Function of thrombocytes (blood platelets)
Play a role in blood clotting in damaged blood vessels
44
Types of muscle tissue
* Striated muscle
* Smooth muscle
* Cardiac muscle
45
Location of striated muscle
Attaches to bone for movement of the skeleton (skeletal muscle)
46
Muscle cells are called?
Muscle fibres
47
Structure of a muscle fibre
* Sarcolemma (outer membrane)
* Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm)
* Many oval nuclei
* Many mitochondria
* Thousands of myofibrils
48
Function of striated muscle tissue
* Voluntary contractions and relaxations
* coordinated body movement
49
Location of smooth muscle tissue
* Walls of alimentary canal, bladder, blood vessels and uterus
* Not attached to bone
50
Structure of smooth muscle tissue
* Spindle shaped cells
* One oval nucleus
* Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm)
* Cell membrane (sarcolemma)
51
Function of smooth muscle tissue
* Involuntary contraction and relaxation for slow rhythmic movements
* E.g. peristalsis, regulates blood blow in capillaries
