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biology 1 > Animal Tissues > Flashcards

Animal Tissues Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

what is connective tissue mostly composed of?

A

non-living materials (ground substance - extracellular matrix - jelly-like substance)

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2
Q

what loose connective tissue serves as the fat reservoir and thermal insulator.

A

adipose/fat tissue

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3
Q

one layer, elongated or column-shaped epithelial tissue
- for absorption and secretion; contain goblet cells that secrete mucus
walls of
- present in the gastro-intestinal tract and body
cavities

A

simple columnar epithelial tissue

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4
Q

the basic unit of the nervous system,
consists of structures that can conduct
electrochemical signals as a form of information.

A

neuron (nerve cell)

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5
Q

Connective tissue with a matrix that contains more cells and lesser fibers than dense connective tissue so it is softer.
- for protection, insulation, storage and support
- examples are areolar and adipose tissue

A

loose connective tissue

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6
Q

connective tissue that has a plasma
- Cellular components consist
of blood cells.
- with fibers that are only visible during
clotting because they are made up of
soluble proteins
- for transport of substance, immune response, and blood clotting
- blood and blood cells

A

blood

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7
Q

highly branched fibers which form a delicate network in organs that have lots of mesh-like internal structure.
-short finer collagen fibers
- sponge like

A

reticular fibers

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8
Q

nervous tissue

These are responsible for the production of the
myelin sheath.
- CNS

A

oligodendrocytes

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9
Q

nervous tissue

These are ciliated cells that line the central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord and form
a fairly permeable membrane between the cavities with cerebrospinal fluid and the tissues of
CNS.

A

ependymal cells

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10
Q

what loose connective tissue fills the space between organs, supporting internal organs

A

areolar tissue

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11
Q

types of muscular tissue

A

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

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12
Q

bone cells

A

osteocytes

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13
Q

cartilage cells

A

chondrocytes

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14
Q

Connective tissue where the Matrix is predominantly made up of collagen fibers
and has lesser cells.
- This is a fibroblast or a fiber-forming cell.
- for support
- examples are tendons and ligaments

A

dense connective/dense fibrous tissue

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15
Q

more than one layer, elongated or column-shaped epithelial tissue
- for protection and secretion
- male urethra and ducts of some glands

A

stratified columnar epithelium

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16
Q

What connects your muscles to your bones?

A

Tendons

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17
Q

tissues that bind structures together, form a framework and support for organs and the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and help repair tissue damage.

A

connective tissue

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18
Q

muscle tissue

made up of nonstriated, uninucleated, and spindle-shaped (have pointed ends) cells.
-found in the walls of hollow organs such as intestines, stomach, bladder, blood vessels, and uterus
- involuntary

A

smooth muscle

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19
Q

form of extracellular matrix that underlies all epithelia. It provides structural support to epithelia and forms a mechanical connection between epithelia and underlying connective tissue.

A

basement membrane

20
Q

nervous tissue

These are cells in the CNS that can transform into a phagocytic macrophage to clean neuronal debris and wastes.

A

microglial cells

21
Q

muscle tissue

long, cylindrical, striated (with
visible stripes), and multinucleated
(with more than one nucleus)
- attached to the skeleton or bone
- voluntary

A

skeletal muscle

22
Q

These refer to groups of cells that are similar in structure and function.

A

Tissue

23
Q

a type of animal tissue that forms the inner
and outer lining of organs, the covering
in surfaces, and the primary glandular
tissue of the body.

A

epithelial tissue

24
Q

more than one layer, flat, scale-like epithelial tissue
- for protection against abrasion or constant exposure to friction
- present in the epidermis, lining of
mouth, esophagus, and vagina

A

stratified squamous epithelium

25
Q

nervous tissue

They surround all the nerve fibers and
produce myelin sheath similar to the
oligodendrocytes.
- PNS

A

schwann cells

26
Q

more than one layer, cube-shaped epithelial tissue
- for protection and secretion
- present in sweat glands, salivary glands,
and mammary glands

A

stratified cuboidal epithelium

27
Q

tiny fibers that can stretch and recoil and they are found in elastic tissues.

A

elastin/c fibers

28
Q

in this cartilage, the chondrocytes are found in a threadlike network of elastic fibres within the matrix.
- provides strength, and elasticity, and maintains the shape of certain structures such as the external ear. It has a perichondrium.

A

elastic cartilage

29
Q

muscle tissue

made up of nonstriated, uninucleated, and spindle-shaped (have pointed ends) cells.
-found in the walls of hollow organs such as intestines, stomach, bladder, blood vessels, and uterus
- involuntary

A

smooth muscle tissue

30
Q

What connects bone to bone, give your joints support, and limit their movement.

A

Ligaments

31
Q

This is the strongest kind of cartilage, because it has alternating layers of hyaline cartilage matrix and thick layers of dense collagen fibres oriented in the direction of functional stresses.

This type of cartilage does not have a perichondrium as it is usually a transitional layer between hyaline cartilage and tendon or ligament.

-is found in invertebral discs, joint capsules, ligaments

A

fibrocartilage

32
Q

This type of cartilage has a glassy appearance when fresh, hence its name, as hyalos is greek for glassy.
- most common
- found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. Is a precursor of bone.
- It has a perichondrium, and it is the weakest of the three types of cartilage.

A

hyaline cartilage

33
Q

one layer, cube-shaped epithelial tissue
- for absorption and secretion
- present in glands and their ducts, ovaries, and lining of kidney tubules

A

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

34
Q

muscle tissue

  • uninucleated (one nucleus) and has striations
  • has intercalated disks
  • found in the heart
  • involuntary
A

cardiac muscle

35
Q

stratified tissue made of multiple cell layers, where the cells constituting the tissue can change shape depending on the distention in the organ. When the organ is filled with fluid, cells on the topmost layer of this epithelium can stretch and appear flattened. Alternately, they can also appear cuboidal with a rounded shape when the fluid pressure is low.

A

transitional epithelium

36
Q

the most abundant type of fibers in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues

A

collagen fibers

37
Q

nervous tissue

These are star-shaped cells that support and control the chemical environment around
the neurons.

These are the most abundant glial cell in the CNS.

A

astrocytes

38
Q

types of connective tissue

A

bones, cartilage, loose, dense, blood

39
Q

Main types of Animal Tissue

A
  • epithelial tissue
  • connective tissue
  • muscular tissue
  • nervous tissue
40
Q

one layer, flat scale-like epithelial tissue
- site of diffusion/exchange of substances (filtration)
- secretion
- present in air sacs/alveoli, capillary walls

A

simple squamous epithelial tissue

41
Q

nervous tissue

They surround the cell body of a neuron.
- PNS

A

satellite cells

42
Q

connective tissue with layers of a very hard matrix with calcium salts and collagen fibers
- for protection and support

A

bone or osseous tissue

43
Q

connective tissue with a more flexible matrix than
bone
- for protection and support
- examples are hyaline, fibro, and elastic ________

A

cartilage

44
Q

what is the most abundant and diverse tissue?

A

connective tissue

45
Q

one layer, elongated or column-shaped epithelial tissue
- for absorption and secretion; usually ciliated;
cells have unequal length and position of
nucleus forming a false layering of cells
- present in the lining of the respiratory tract

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue

46
Q

tissue that is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning.

A

nervous tissue

47
Q

tissue that is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts. The tissue is highly cellular and is well supplied with blood vessels.

A

muscular tissue

biology 1 (12 decks)

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