Animal Science part 1 Flashcards
Define ration
The amount/Content of food eaten by an animal in 1 day`
What are the 6 essential nutrients
Water, Protein, Carbs, Vitamins, Minerals and Fats
Animals contain how much water
75%
How does water help animals
Helps regulate body heat through perspiration and evaporation
How does Protein help animals
Used to maintain the body, as cells are continually dying and being replaced. Also it is a major component to muscles and tissues
How does carbs help animals
Provide energy and heat and make up about 75% of rations
How does vitamins help animals
Used for clotting blood, forming bones, reproducing, keeping membranes healthy, producing milk and preventing certain nervous system disorders
How does minerals help animals
the skeleton is composed mostly of minerals. the endocrine system is heavily dependent on various minerals, as are the circulatory, urinary and nervous systems
how does fats help animals
improves the palatability, flavor, texture, and energy levels of feed. also it increases the milk supply
protein source examples
soybeans, peanuts, cotton seed and linseed, legume hays, fish meat, blood meal and whey
carbs source examples
cereal grains, corn, wheat, barley, oats, rye, non legume hays, orchard grass
fat source examples
most sources of protein are also sour….ch as oil seeds and animal byproducts
vitamin source examples \ mineral source examples
Rumen, vitamin D from sunlight, contact with soil and feeds grown on fertile land
concentrate examples
corn, grain byproducts and oil mills
dry roughages
legumes, hay, grass hay, hulls of cottonseed, peanuts and rice
Green roughages
plant materials with high moisture content such as grasses in pastures or tubers such as potatoes
Define ruminants
A class of animals that have stomachs with more than one compartment.
Ruminant example
Cattle, sheep and goat
Define monogastric
Having a stomach with one compartment
Monogastric example
Swine, horses and humans
Explain the poultry digestive system
Polygastric but includes a crop and gizzard (aka: avian digestive)
What is the largest ruminant compartment called
The rumen
Internal parasite examples
Heartworms or roundworms
External parasite examples
Flies, ticks, lice, mites and fleas
What will happen to an animal with parasites
Isolation to treat them.
What happens to new animals
Isolation for 30 days
Explain pastes
Normally used for treating horses for worms
How do you apply pastes
Place caulking gun at the back of animals tongue and the animal is forced to swallow
How do you apply pills
1)Restrain the animal
2)Lift its head so the mouth opens
3)Gently place the pill far back on the tongue with balling gun and massage throat
Explain drenching
Administering large amounts of liquids to an animal
How does drenching work
With a syringe or drenching gun
Explain powders
Usually mixed in feed or water of animal at normal feeding time
Explain pasture rotation
For grazing animals on a regular basis, it breaks the cycle of parasites
Define intravenous injection
Injection in the vein
Define intramuscular injection
Injection in the muscle
Define subcutaneous injection
Injection under the skin
Define intramedial injection
Injection between layers of skin
Define intrarumal injection
Injection in the rumen
Define intrapertioneal injection
Injection in the abdominal cavity
Define dipping
Process for treating animals mostly cattle and sheep for external parasites
