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General Science > Animal Science Circulatory System > Flashcards

Animal Science Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Right atrioventricular valve is also known as what?

A

AV valve, tricuspid valve

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2
Q

Pulmonary Semilunar valve

A

AKA pulmonary valve

Located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Controls the blood entering the lungs

Shaped like half moon

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3
Q

Left atrioventricular valve

A

Controls the opening between left atrium and left ventricle

Aka mitral valve, bicuspid valve

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4
Q

Aortic semilunar valve

A

Located between the left ventricle and the aorta and controls blood entering the arterial system

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5
Q

Aortic semiluner valve

A

Located between the left ventricle and the aorta and controls blood entering the arterial system

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6
Q

Artery

A

Take blood away from the heart

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7
Q

Veins

A

Bring blood back to the heart

Often unoxygenated; exception is when coming back from the lungs

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8
Q

Heartbeat

A

Regularity of the heart rhythm

This is modified by electrical impulses from nerves that stimulate the myocardium

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9
Q

Cardiac output

A

Volume of blood pumped by the heart (per unit of time ??)

in order to pump blood, contraction and relaxation have to be timed perfectly

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10
Q

Sinotrial node

A

Located in the wall of the right atrium

Also called SA Node

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11
Q

Purkinje fibers

A

Muscles cells that establish the base rhythm of the heart

Pacemaker can help to regulate this

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12
Q

Atrial systole

A

Has to do with the SA node.

When SA node contracts, it signifies both atriums to contract and sends blood to both ventricles on the left and right sides

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13
Q

Atrioventricular node

A

A.k.a. AV node

Located in the inter-atrial septum

AV impulses are slower, allowing the ventricles to fill up with blood. This impulse triggers the bundle of His

Called the ventricular systole – forcing blood into the aorta and pulmonary arteries

13 bundle of His - carries the impulse and make ventricle contract

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14
Q

Ventricular systole

A

Has to do with the atrioventricular node (or AV node)

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15
Q

Sinus rhythm

A

Normal rhythm

It starts in the SA node, if it doesn’t start there, then it is known as a heart arrhythmia

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16
Q

Heart rhythm

A

Heart rhythm is electric

17
Q

EKG

A

Electro cardiogram – measures the electrical activity of the myocardium

18
Q

Electrocardiography

A

Process of RECORDING the electrical activity of the myocardium

19
Q

Blood vessels

Lumen

A

OPENING OF A VESSEL (Opening through which blood flows) –

diameter is affected by

constriction (narrowing) or
dilation (widening)

20
Q

Blood vessels

Hilus

A

Hilus - DEPRESSION where vessels and nerves enter an organ

21
Q

Aorta

A

Main trunk of atrial system,
begins from left ventricles,
arches dorsally and moves caudally,
supplies many muscles and organs

22
Q

Branches of aorta

A

Celial - supplies the liver, stomach and spleen

Renal - supplies kidneys

Ovarian - ovaries or testicles

Subclavian – located under collarbone

23
Q

Arterioles

A

Smaller branches of arteries

Arteriolar are smaller and thinner than arteries, carry blood to the capillaries

24
Q

Capillaries

A

Single cell vessels that CONNECT THE ARTERIAL and VENOUS systems

Blood flow is slower due to smaller diameter. Slower flow allows time for the diffusion of oxygen, nutrients and waste products

25
Q

Veins

A

Venules - connect capillaries to the veins

Veins

1) low pressure, they returns blood to the heart
2) thinner walls then arteries
3) relying on muscle contractions to push blood back to the heart
4) have valves - these valves allow travel towards the heart and not away

26
Q

Vein placement

Jugular vein
Femoral vein
Renal vein
Azygoys vein

A

Jugular vein - during the head and neck area

Femoral vein - drains the legs

Renal vein - drains kidneys

Azygoys vein - drains chest wall

27
Q

Pressure

A

Tension exerted by blood on the atrial walls

Hypertension – high blood pressure
Hypotension – low blood pressure

28
Q

Pulse

A

RYTHMIC expansion and contraction of the artery produced by pressure

29
Q

Systolic

A 
Ventricles contract (highest toward the end of the stroke) 
output of the left ventricle
30
Q

Diastolic

A

When ventricles relax (lowest in ventricular dilation)

31
Q

Embolus

A

Foreign object (clot, air, tissue) circulating in the blood

32
Q

Hematoma

A

Mass or collection of blood

33
Q

Aneurysm

A

Excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall

34
Q

Hypocapnia

A

Decrease of carbon dioxide levels in the blood

35
Q

Hypoxia

A

Causes skin and mucous membranes to turn blue tint - lack of oxygen in the blood

36
Q

Ischemia

A

Deficiency in blood supplies to an aorta

37
Q

Carditis

A

Inflammation of heart

38
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Excessive amounts of carbon dioxide in blood

General Science (33 decks)

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