Animal and Plant Cells Flashcards
What is a cell
Cells are sometimes called ‘units of life’ , organs and tissues are made from cells
What is a cell wall
A cell wall is a structural layer surrounding some types of cell .The primary function of the cell wall is to protect and provide structural support to the cell.
What is a cell membrane
It is the semi-permeable membrane that is present within the cell wall. It is composed of a thin layer of protein and fat. The cell membrane plays an important role in regulating the entry and exit of specific substances within the cell.
What is a nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound structure that is present only in eukaryotic cells. The vital function of a nucleus is to store DNA or hereditary information required for cell division, metabolism and growth.
What is a plastid
They are membrane-bound organelles that have their own DNA. They are necessary to store starch and to carry out the process of photosynthesis
What is a ribosome
They are the smallest membrane-bound organelles which comprise of RNA and protein. They are the sites for protein synthesis, hence, also referred to as the protein factories of the cell.
What is a mitochondria
They are the double-membraned organelles found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. They provide energy by breaking down carbohydrate and sugar molecules, hence they are also referred to as the “Powerhouse of the cell.”
What is a endoplasmic rectilium
(remember flat)
The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of flattened cavities surrounded by a membrane, which links with the nuclear membrane. Allows substances to pass through the cytoplasm
What is a cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is the liquid that fills the inside of a cell. It is composed of water, salts, and various organic molecules.
What is a protoplasm
Protoplasm is the living part of the cell, which comprises of different cellular organelles.
What does the cellulose cell wall do
It helps support the plant when it is full of fluid
Differences between the animal and plant cell
Animal Cell :
> Smaller
> No cell walls
> Does not contain chloroplast
> Small Vacuoles
> Has Microvilli
> Has ribosomes
Plant Cell :
> Larger
> Has cell walls
> Contains chloroplast
> Large Vacuoles
> No microvilli
> No ribosomes
What is a Unicellular organism
An organism with a single cell
Three examples of a Unicellular organism (Microbes)
Bacteria, Fungi and virusis
Differences between microbes
Bacteria :
> Has a cell wall and cell membrane
> Genetic material in the cytoplasm
> No nucleus
Fungi:
> Has nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic recticulum, ribosomes and a large vacuole
Virus :
> No cells
> Has central core composed of DNA or RNA
> Some are surronded by a cell membrane
