Angiosperms Terms Review

Question 1

“lateral branch” from which spines originate in Cactaceae

Answer 1

areole

Question 2

Showy bract that attracts pollenators; present in Apiaceae

Answer 2

spathe

Question 3

Spike-like inflorescence; present in Apiaceae

Answer 3

spadix

Question 4

present in Boraginaceae (hairs)

Answer 4

hispid hairs

Question 5

habit that uses tendrils for stability rather than roots; much like vining;

Answer 5

twining

Question 6

urn-shaped fused petals; present in most genera of Ericaceae

Answer 6

urceolate corolla

Question 7

a sac that surrounds the achene of plants in the genus Carex

Answer 7

Perigynium

Question 8

a dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall is united with the seed coat, typical of grasses and cereals

Answer 8

Caryopsis

Question 9

inner bract in a Poaceae flower, the two sterile bracts at the base of a spikelet (sterile = not subtending a floret)

Answer 9

glume

Question 10

the stem axis of a spikelet; bears the glumes and florets

Answer 10

Rachilla

Question 11

glume(s) + >1 floret(s)

Answer 11

Spikelet

Question 12

the spikey hair in Poeaceae flower

Answer 12

Awn

Question 13

Outermost bract in Poeaceae flower (boat Shape)

Answer 13

Lemma

Question 14

2 side petals in Papillionoideae and Cercis. Is contained by banner in Papillionoideae and contains banner in Cercis.

Answer 14

wing

Question 15

Largest and outermost petal in Papillionoideae. In Cercis it is below the 2 wing petals.

Answer 15

banner

Question 16

androecium state in which stamens are fused into 2 parts; ex: 9 filaments fused and 1 unfused in Trifolium. Pollinator reward is pollen and nectar.

Answer 16

diadelphous

Question 17

androecium state in which stamens are fused by filaments into 1 single androecium part. ex: Lupinus. Pollinator reward is only pollen.

Answer 17

monadelphous

Question 18

swollen leaf joints that govern the orientation of the leaf; can point leaf towards sun; present on Cercis

Answer 18

pulvini

Question 19

collective term for palea

Answer 19

chaff

Question 20

bracts on receptacle of capitulum; attached below ovary of fls (collective chaff)

Answer 20

palea

Question 21

involucral bracts of Asteraceae

Answer 21

phyllaries

Question 22

ligulate flowers; ex: Dandilions

Answer 22

Liguliflorous capitulum

Question 23

only disk flowers

Answer 23

Discoid capitulum

Question 24

disk and ray flowers, ex: Yarrow, Sunflowers

Answer 24

Radiate capitulum

Question 25

modified calyx, attached above ovary; pronged, low crown, or bristles

Answer 25

pappus

Question 26

(achene); fruit of Asteraceae

Answer 26

cypsela

Question 27

"strap shaped" flower, fertile, 5 fused petals, 5 fused anther tube

Answer 27

Ligulate flower

Question 28

Fertile, 5 connate petals, 5 fused anther tube

Answer 28

Disk flower

Question 29

Sterile, 3 fused petals, ovary with bilobed stigma; found on edges of Radiate capitulum

Answer 29

Ray flower

Question 30

"head" of Asteraceae inflorescence

Answer 30

capitulum

Question 31

nectary found somewhere other than flower; ex: at base of leaf or petiole (Prunus)

Answer 31

extrafloral nectary

Question 32

reward to seed disperser is NOT derived from the ovary

Answer 32

Ecological berry

Question 33

Hypanthium attached to base of ovary; superior ovary (peri: below); present in all required genera of Rosaceae

Answer 33

Perigynous

Question 34

Hypanthium fused to ovary (epi: upon, gyn: gynoecium) Ex: "maloids"

Answer 34

Epigynous

Question 35

describes structure of basic flower; no hypanthium, superior ovary

Answer 35

Hypogenous

Question 36

fused calyx, corolla, and androecium; present in Rosaceae, Onagraceae

Answer 36

Hypanthium

Question 37

floral structure is open by pores. Ex: anthers in Ericaceae or fruit of Papaver

Answer 37

poricidal dehiscence

Question 38

fused perianth that protects fl bud as a deciduous cap. Falls off fl as it opens. Present on Eucalyptus and Eschscholzia

Answer 38

calyptra

Question 39

set of bracts associated with clusters of flowers; present on Eriogonum and Asteraceae

Answer 39

involucre

Question 40

"swollen knees", fused stipules that sheathe around stem. present on Polygonaceae: Rumex

Answer 40

ocrea

Question 41

style is connected at the bottom of the ovary. Present in Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae

Answer 41

gynobasic style

Question 42

distinct top and bottom of perianth

Answer 42

bilabiate

Question 43

bottom side of leaf

Answer 43

abaxial lf surface

Question 44

upper side of leaf

Answer 44

adaxial lf surface

Question 45

specialized stem, leaf, or petiole with threadlike shape used by climbing plants for support

Answer 45

tendril

Question 46

modified leaf especially associated with reproductive structure

Answer 46

bract

Question 47

perianth parts look similar/the same

Answer 47

tepals