Angiosperms Flashcards
What are phylogenetic trees?
Representations of evolutionary history and current relationships.
What does MRCA mean?
Most recent common ancestor.
What characterises all angiosperms?
Double fertilisation.
Sets of 4/5 floral parts, net-veined leaves and pollen triperturate are characteristics of which group?
Dicots
Sets of 2 floral parts, parallel-veined leaves and pollen uniperturate are characteristics of which group?
Monocots
How are gametes produced?
Meiosis
Which 3 genotypes are expressed in a seed?
Externally - paternal, Endosperm - maternal and embryo - mixture.
What is Linnaeus’ system of classification?
Using reproductive structures.
What are calyx?
Sepals
What are corolla?
Petals
What are androecium?
Stamens
What are gymnoecium?
Carpels (which become seeds).
What is bar coding?
Using DNA sequencing for particular sequences to create a global catalogue of plants.
Give 4 most species rich monocot families.
Orchidaceae, poaceae, cyperaceae and bromeliaceae.
What are poaceae?
Grasses
Give 4 most species rich dicot families.
Asteraceae, leguminosae, rubiaceae and euphorbiaceae.
Which dicot family includes many fruits we eat, like apples, etc?
Rosaceae
What is the Fibonacci sequence?
Flower parts occur in multiples of 3, 4 and 5.
Suggest an explanation for the Fibonacci sequence.
Optimal packing.
Give examples of things which have affected angiosperm evolution.
Tectonic plate shifts, temperature changes and climate change.
Which group do angiosperms show phylogenic congruence with?
Insects
What are pollination syndromes?
When plants and insects have adapted to pollinate together very specifically.
How does climate change often affect species?
Their range shifts.
What are some current threats to plant biodiversity?
Population growth, land use and climate change.
