anesthetics

Question 1

goal of general anesthesia

Answer 1

unconsciousness
amnesia
analgesia
inhibition of autonomic reflexes
skeletal muscle relaxation

Question 2

phases of general anesthesia

Answer 2

1. induction; to reaching unconsciousness
2. excitement; as short as possible
3. operative phase
4. danger; in case of overdose

Question 3

general anesthetic

Answer 3

• inhalation agent
  affect ion channels > inhibition of synaptic transmission
• iv anesthetics

Question 4

inhalation agents

Answer 4

halothane
isoflurane
sevoflurane
nitrous oxide
xenon

Question 5

IV anesthetics

Answer 5

barbiturates
benzodiazepines
propofol
ketamin

Question 6

local anesthesia

Answer 6

blocks conduction and generation of nerve impuls
voltage-gated-ion channels

Question 7

general anesthesia, mechanism of action

Answer 7

CNS depression directly
GABA, NMDA

Question 8

blood;brain partition coefficient

Answer 8

The higher the brain-blood partition coefficient, the higher the solubility of that
substance in brain tissue

Question 9

blood;gass partition coefficient

Answer 9

the lower the coefficient, the faster the substance exerts an effect, the drug does NOT like to stay in the blood

Question 10

MAC value

Answer 10

minimal alveolar concentration; to achieve proper therapeutical effect
1 MAC the concentration of vapour that prevents movement in response to a supramaximal stimulus is 50% of patients

Question 11

local anesthetics

Answer 11

loss of pain sensation in a limited region of the body without loss of consciousness

Question 12

local anesthesia forms

Answer 12

• infiltration
• intravenous regional anesthesia
• subcutaneous regional anesthesia
• peripheral nerve block
• topical anesthetics
• spinal anesthesia
• epidural anesthesia

Question 13

local anesthesia drug

Answer 13

cocaine
tetracaine
lidocaine
bupivacaine
articaine