anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

goal of general anesthesia

A

unconsciousness
amnesia
analgesia
inhibition of autonomic reflexes
skeletal muscle relaxation

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2
Q

phases of general anesthesia

A
  1. induction; to reaching unconsciousness
  2. excitement; as short as possible
  3. operative phase
  4. danger; in case of overdose
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3
Q

general anesthetic

A
  • inhalation agent
    affect ion channels > inhibition of synaptic transmission
  • iv anesthetics
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4
Q

inhalation agents

A

halothane
isoflurane
sevoflurane
nitrous oxide
xenon

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5
Q

IV anesthetics

A

barbiturates
benzodiazepines
propofol
ketamin

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6
Q

local anesthesia

A

blocks conduction and generation of nerve impuls
voltage-gated-ion channels

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7
Q

general anesthesia, mechanism of action

A

CNS depression directly
GABA, NMDA

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8
Q

blood;brain partition coefficient

A

The higher the brain-blood partition coefficient, the higher the solubility of that
substance in brain tissue

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9
Q

blood;gass partition coefficient

A

the lower the coefficient, the faster the substance exerts an effect, the drug does NOT like to stay in the blood

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10
Q

MAC value

A

minimal alveolar concentration; to achieve proper therapeutical effect
1 MAC the concentration of vapour that prevents movement in response to a supramaximal stimulus is 50% of patients

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11
Q

local anesthetics

A

loss of pain sensation in a limited region of the body without loss of consciousness

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12
Q

local anesthesia forms

A
  • infiltration
  • intravenous regional anesthesia
  • subcutaneous regional anesthesia
  • peripheral nerve block
  • topical anesthetics
  • spinal anesthesia
  • epidural anesthesia
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13
Q

local anesthesia drug

A

cocaine
tetracaine
lidocaine
bupivacaine
articaine

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