Anesthesia Flashcards
What are some examples of the high-pressure system?
Hanger yoke
Yoke block with check valves
Cylinder pressure gauge
Cylinder pressure regulators
What are some examples of intermediate-pressure?
Pipeline inlets
Pressure gauges
Oxygen pressure failure device
Oxygen second stage regulator
Ventilator power inlet
Flowmeter valves
What are examples of a low pressure system?
Flowmeter tubes
Vaporizers
Check valve
Common gas outlet
What are the components to the SPDD model?
Supply: pipeline/cylinder
Processing: vaporizers
Delivery: breathing circuit
Disposal: scavenging system
What are the 5 tasks of oxygen in the anesthesia gas machine?
O2 pressure alarm
O2 pressure device
O2 Flowmeter
O2 flush valves
Ventilator drive gas
What is the PISS system?
Pin Index Safety System
(Prevents the wrong cylinder from being attached to the machine)
What is the DISS system?
Diameter index safety system
(Prevents the wrong pipeline hose from being attached to the machine)
What is oxygens PISS configurations?
2,5
What is air’s PISS configuration?
1,5
What is Nitrous Oxide’s PISS configuration?
3,5
What is the max psi and Liters for a tank of O2?
660L
2000 psi
What is the max psi and liters for a tank of air?
625
1900L
What is the max psi and liters for a tank of Nitrous oxide?
1590 L
745 psi
What is the most delicate portion of the cylinder?
Cylinder valve
When should the oxygen cylinder be turned on?
Daily machine check and when you are NOT using pipeline gas
What is the only way of determining cylinder content?
By reading its LABEL!
What are the standard US colors for gases?
Oxygen: green
Air: yellow
Nitrous: Blue
What are the World Health Organization’s colors?
Oxygen: white
Air: white and black
Nitrous: blue
What two gases exist as a liquid inside their cylinder?
CO2
Nitrous
What is the fire triad?
Oxidizer, fuel, and igniter
What are some examples of a safety relief device? For cylinders in the event of a fire
Fusible plug
A valve that opens under high pressures
Frangible disk
What is Wood’s metal typical maker of?
BLT- with cheese
B: Bismuth
L: Leas
T: Tin
Cheese: cadmium
What sets the standard for compressed gas cylinders?
United States department of transportation
Who sets the standards for acceptable occupational exposure to volatile anesthetics?
Occupational safety and Health Administration
Who created the 1993 anesthesia machine pre-use checkout procedures?
Food and Drug Administration
Who sets the standard for the required components of the anesthesia machine?
American society for Testing and Materials
What are the 7 things required on a gas cylinder label?
- Government agency
- Type of metal used to constraint cylinder
- Max filling pressures (psi)
- Serial number
- Manufacturer
- Owner
- Date of last inspection
At what PSI does the threshold alarm (for the oxygen pressure failure device) sound?
<28-30 psi
What what pressure does the pneumatic device stop the flow of nitrous oxide? (In the oxygen pressure failure device)
< 20 psi
What are two ways you can still produce a hypoxic mixture with a failsafe?
Oxygen-pipeline crossover
Flowmeter leak.
What device prevents you from setting a hypoxic mixture with the flow control valves?
The hypoxia prevention safety device (proportioning device)
Limits N2O flow to 3 x O2 flow (N2O max is 75%)
What is the minimum FiO2 permitted by the proportioning device?
25%
At low flows, what type of flow is it and what is it dependent on?
Laminar flow
Dependent on gas’s viscosity
At high flows, what type of flow is it and what is it dependent on?
Flow is turbulent
Dependent on the gas’s density
Where is the oxygen Flowmeter placed in US anesthesia machines?
On the far RIGHT!
What is the equation to Reynold’s number?
Density x diameter x velocity / viscosity
How do you determine the delivered FiO2 using a nasal cannula?
Add 4% for each liter of oxygen administered (to a max of 44% at 6L/min)
0:21%
1L : 24%
2 L: 28%
3 L: 32%
4 L: 36%
5 L: 40%
6 L: 44%
What should you do if the vaporizer is tripped?
Run high FGF for 20-30 mins
What is the latent heat of vaporization?
Number of calories that is needed to convert 1 g of liquid into vapor without a change in temperature.
What is the pumping effect?
Anything that causes gas that has already left the vaporizer to reneged the vaporizing chamber. (Usually due to positive pressure ventilation or the oxygen flush valve)
How do you calculate how long your agent will last? What is the equation?!
mL of liquid anesthetic used per hour = vol% x FGF (L/min) x 3