Anemias

Question 1

Impoverished condition of blood caused by reduction of rbc, hgb or both

Answer 1

Anemia

Question 2

Considered to be present if the hgb of the hct is _____ reference interval for the individual’s sex, age and geographic location.

Answer 2

Below the lower limit of the 95%

Question 3

Decreased in erythrocytes and hemoglobin resulting in decreased oxygen delivery in the tissue

Answer 3

Anemia

Question 4

Classified morphology using

Answer 4

RBC INDICES (MCV, MCH,MCHC)
Etiology or cause

Question 5

Suspected anemia

Answer 5

Hgb = <12 g/dl in men
<11 g/dl in women

Question 6

Pigment seen in stool

Answer 6

Stercobilin

Question 7

Total production of RBC

Answer 7

Total erythropoiesis

Question 8

Measured in M:E ratio, urobilinogen

Answer 8

Total erythropoiesis

Question 9

Production of RBC that reach the circulation of the peripheral measured by EBC turned over of the utilization

Answer 9

Effective erythropoiesis

Question 10

Effective erythropoiesis utilized

Answer 10

Iron content
Retic count
Identify RBC lifespan

Question 11

Clinical signs and symptoms of Anemia

Answer 11

Log hgb and blood volume
Fatigue
Dyspnea on excretion
Faintness
Vertigo
Palpitations
Headache

(LoFaDyFa VePaH)

Question 12

Common signs and symptoms of Anemia

Answer 12

Pallor
Rapid bounding pulse
Low Blood pressure
Slight fever
Some dependent edema
Systolic murmurs

Question 13

Classification of Anemia

Answer 13

Macrocytic Normochromic Anemia
Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia
Normocytic Normochromic Anemia

Question 14

Macrocytic Normochromic Anemia lab findings

Answer 14

MCV is 96 fl; MCHC normal
Red cell is macrocytic
Oval shape
Retic count is low
Total white cell and platelets is moderately reduced

Question 15

Types of macrocytic normal anemia

Answer 15

Megaloblastic anemia
Non- megaloblastic anemia

Question 16

Causes of Megaloblastic Anemia

Answer 16

Vitamin B12 deficiency - pernicious anemia
Folic acid deficiency
Abnormalities of Vit.B12 (folate metabolism)
Inherited disorders of DNA synthesis
Drug-induced disorders of DNA synthesis

ViFAID

Question 17

Causes of Non- megaloblastic anemia

Answer 17

Liver disease
Alcohol
Obscure causes (hypoplastic/aplastic anemia)
Cytotoxic drugs
Increased membrane surface area
Accelerated erythropoiesis

Question 18

Normal RBC morphology - drop of hgb, hct and rbc count
Increased bone marrow activity

Answer 18

Macrocytic Normochromic Anemia

Question 19

MCV <80 fl

Answer 19

Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia

Question 20

Causes of microcytic Hypochromic anemia

Answer 20

Disorder on porphyrin & heme synthesis as in SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
Iron deficiency
Disorder in globin synthesis as in Thalassemia
Disorder in iron metabolism

PIGI

Question 21

Aniso and poikilocytosis

Answer 21

Microcytic Hypochromic anemia

Question 22

In microcytic Hypochromic anemia, ________ are Hypochromic with increased in central pallor

Answer 22

Erythrocyte

Question 23

Present in microcytic Hypochromic anemia

Answer 23

Elliptocytic and pencil-shaped form

Question 24

MCV 80-90 fl;
BM shows normoblastic rather than megaloblastic

Answer 24

Normocytic Normochromic anemia

Question 25

Causes of Normocytic Normochromic Anemia

Answer 25

Recent blood loss
Hemolytic anemia
Hypoplastic bone marrow
Overexpansion of plasma volume
Chronic disease
Liver disease
Endocrine abnormality
Infiltrated BM
Renal disorder

RHHOCLEIR

Question 26

Normocytic Normochromic anemia lab findings

Answer 26

Plasma volume and red cell volume - reduced in proportionate amount
Hct is NORMAL
Platelet count and plasma fibrinogen REDUCED
Neurophilic leukocytosis is present

Question 27

Increase retics count due to acute blood loss, hemolytic anemia and response to specific therapy in nutritional anemia

Answer 27

Normocytic Normochromic anemia with EFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS