Anemia

Question 1

types of anemia

Answer 1

microcytic: low Hgb, low MCV (<80) - iron deficiency
macrocytic: low Hgb, high MCV (>100) - B12 or folate deficiency
normocytic: low Hgb, normal MCV (80-100) - CKD, blood loss, hemolysis

Question 2

Microcytic anemia treatment

Answer 2

iron deficiency = iron supplements
ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate, carbonyl iron
antacids decrease iron absorption
Vit. C increases iron absorption
take on empty stomach

Question 3

Macrocytic anemia treatment

Answer 3

Vit. B12 or folate deficiency
cyanocobalamin, Vitamin B12
folic acid, folate

Question 4

Normocytic anemia treatment

Answer 4

anemia of CKD, deficiency of EPO
epoetin alpha (Epogen, Procrit)
darbepoetin (Aranesp)
ESAs increase risk of death and tumor progression

Question 5

hemolytic anemia

Answer 5

direct Coombs test looks for Ab’s on RBCs targeted for destruction
G6PD deficiency = more risk for hemolytic anemia