Anemia Flashcards
What is the problem in anemia?
Not enough RBC’s/hgb for oxygen to the cell
Which anemia has an insufficient intake of iron or the inability to utilize iron?
Iron deficiency anemia
Which anemia lacks intrinsic factors most likely bc of a vegan diet or from a total/partial gastrectomy?
Vitamin B12 Deficiency anemia
Which anemia is from chronic malnourishment and an increase in metabolic needs most likely from alcoholism?
Folic acid deficiency anemia
What type of anemia is from a decrease in oxygen carrying capacity in blood cells, a decrease in ability to fight infection, and a decrease in clotting abilities and usually occurs w/ bone marrow failure or exposure to toxins?
Aplastic anemia
What type of anemia occurs from RBC’s being tagged on to some antigen that body recognizes as foreign so body destroys RBC sooner than the bone marrow can produce them; usually occurs from mechanical trauma or the immune response?
Hemolytic anemia
In iron deficiency anemia hgb, hct and MCV are all?
Decreased
In vitamin B12 deficiency anemia hgb and hct are what? and MCV and Schillings test are what?
Decreased; increased
In folic acid deficiency anemia hgb, hct, and serum folate are what? and MCV is what?
Decreased; increased
In aplastic anemia hgb, hct, RBC, WBC and platelet are all what?
Decreased
In hemolytic anemia reticulocytes are what? and MCV and MCHC are what?
Increased; normal
Name the anemia w/ these s/s: pallor, fatigue, SOB, brittle hair/nails, irritability, heavy menstruation, cheilosis and pica?
Iron deficiency anemia
Name the anemia w/ these s/s: fatigue, pallor, SOB, weakness, mouth sores, swollen tongue and GI symptoms like constipation/diarrhea?
Folic acid deficiency anemia
Name the anemia w/ these s/s: pallor, peripheral neuropathies (numbing/tingling of extremities), altered gait/balance and coordination, mood swing, and personality changes?
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
Name the anemia w/ these s/s: splenomegaly, jaundice, bone deformity/fractures, increase HR/RR, palpations, ventricular hypertrophy, angina and pallor?
Hemolytic anemia
Name the anemia w/ these s/s: fatigue, bleeding usually from nose/gums, bruising, SOB w/ exertion, tachycardia, pallor, dizziness, HA and reoccurring infections?
Aplastic anemia
What 2 anemias have macrolytic (large) RBC’?
Vit. B12 deficiency and folic acid deficiency
B12 only comes from what?
Animal products
What is produced by parietal cells of the stomach and is necessary for absorption of B12 later on in the small intestine?
Intrinsic factor
Alcohol inhibits the absorption of what?
Folic acid
What is the only cure to aplastic anemia?
Bone marrow transplantation
When is it necessary to take oral B12 supplements?
If individual is vegan
If a pt has folic acid deficiency anemia what should their diet consist of?
Organ meats, eggs, green leafy veggies
What pharmacology is necessary for iron deficiency anemia?
Ferrous sulfate, iron dextran or iron sucrose
