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NUR 200- Exam 1 > Anemia > Flashcards

Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the problem in anemia?

A

Not enough RBC’s/hgb for oxygen to the cell

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2
Q

Which anemia has an insufficient intake of iron or the inability to utilize iron?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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3
Q

Which anemia lacks intrinsic factors most likely bc of a vegan diet or from a total/partial gastrectomy?

A

Vitamin B12 Deficiency anemia

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4
Q

Which anemia is from chronic malnourishment and an increase in metabolic needs most likely from alcoholism?

A

Folic acid deficiency anemia

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5
Q

What type of anemia is from a decrease in oxygen carrying capacity in blood cells, a decrease in ability to fight infection, and a decrease in clotting abilities and usually occurs w/ bone marrow failure or exposure to toxins?

A

Aplastic anemia

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6
Q

What type of anemia occurs from RBC’s being tagged on to some antigen that body recognizes as foreign so body destroys RBC sooner than the bone marrow can produce them; usually occurs from mechanical trauma or the immune response?

A

Hemolytic anemia

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7
Q

In iron deficiency anemia hgb, hct and MCV are all?

A

Decreased

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8
Q

In vitamin B12 deficiency anemia hgb and hct are what? and MCV and Schillings test are what?

A

Decreased; increased

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9
Q

In folic acid deficiency anemia hgb, hct, and serum folate are what? and MCV is what?

A

Decreased; increased

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10
Q

In aplastic anemia hgb, hct, RBC, WBC and platelet are all what?

A

Decreased

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11
Q

In hemolytic anemia reticulocytes are what? and MCV and MCHC are what?

A

Increased; normal

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12
Q

Name the anemia w/ these s/s: pallor, fatigue, SOB, brittle hair/nails, irritability, heavy menstruation, cheilosis and pica?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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13
Q

Name the anemia w/ these s/s: fatigue, pallor, SOB, weakness, mouth sores, swollen tongue and GI symptoms like constipation/diarrhea?

A

Folic acid deficiency anemia

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14
Q

Name the anemia w/ these s/s: pallor, peripheral neuropathies (numbing/tingling of extremities), altered gait/balance and coordination, mood swing, and personality changes?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

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15
Q

Name the anemia w/ these s/s: splenomegaly, jaundice, bone deformity/fractures, increase HR/RR, palpations, ventricular hypertrophy, angina and pallor?

A

Hemolytic anemia

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16
Q

Name the anemia w/ these s/s: fatigue, bleeding usually from nose/gums, bruising, SOB w/ exertion, tachycardia, pallor, dizziness, HA and reoccurring infections?

A

Aplastic anemia

17
Q

What 2 anemias have macrolytic (large) RBC’?

A

Vit. B12 deficiency and folic acid deficiency

18
Q

B12 only comes from what?

A

Animal products

19
Q

What is produced by parietal cells of the stomach and is necessary for absorption of B12 later on in the small intestine?

A

Intrinsic factor

20
Q

Alcohol inhibits the absorption of what?

A

Folic acid

21
Q

What is the only cure to aplastic anemia?

A

Bone marrow transplantation

22
Q

When is it necessary to take oral B12 supplements?

A

If individual is vegan

23
Q

If a pt has folic acid deficiency anemia what should their diet consist of?

A

Organ meats, eggs, green leafy veggies

24
Q

What pharmacology is necessary for iron deficiency anemia?

A

Ferrous sulfate, iron dextran or iron sucrose

25
Q

What pharmacology is necessary for vit B12 deficiency anemia?

A

Cyanocobalamine (B12)

26
Q

What pharmacology is necessary for folic acid deficiency anemia?

A

Folic acid

27
Q

What pharmacology is necessary for hemolytic anemia?

A

Steroids, immunosuppressants

28
Q

What pharmacology is necessary for aplastic anemia?

A

Anti-infective agents, blood products

29
Q

B12 can cause problems w/ what?

A

Balance

30
Q

What is the major problem w/ ferrous sulfate?

A

Constipation; maybe change in stool color (green, black) NOT harmful

31
Q

A pt should take ferrous sulfate w/ what so it doesn’t decrease absorption?

A

Juice/water instead of dairy products

32
Q

Iron dextran should be given in what form so it doesn’t stain the skin?

A

Z track

33
Q

What should you do first w/ iron dextran before giving a fully prescribed dose?

A

Test dose to avoid anaphylaxis

NUR 200- Exam 1 (10 decks)

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