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dej > Ancient rome > Flashcards

Ancient rome Flashcards

1
Q

what 3 periods is Ancient Rome divided into

A
  1. kingdom 753 - 509 BC
  2. rebublic 509 - 31 BC
  3. roman empire 31 BC - 476 AD
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2
Q

according to a legend, who founded Rome

A

Romulus and Remus

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2
Q

who was responsible for building of Rome

A

Etruscan civilization

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2
Q

what was a popular entertainment in Rome

A

Circus Maximus

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2
Q

what is the name of the last Etruscan king

A

Tarquin the Proud

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2
Q

tax officials, kept record of individual’s property, What were they called

A

censors

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2
Q

5 things about the Etruscan civil.

A

builders of cities, own system of writing, art and culture similar to Greeks (frescos), Etruscan kings ruled over Rome for 2 centuries, skilled engineers, invented sewer system (nejdem vsetky pisať)

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2
Q

What is the sewer sytem called

A

Cloaca Maxima

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2
Q

What is Forum Romanum

A

public meeting place, heart of political and social life

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3
Q

define Roman republican system

A

mixture of monarchical, aristocratic, democratic elements

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3
Q

what is power of imperium

A

power to decide over the life and death of citizens

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3
Q

What was the duty of the cheif officals (two consuls)

A

commanded the army, directed the government

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4
Q

what is a dictator

A

leader with absolute power to make laws and command the army

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5
Q

what was the duty of questors

A

responsibility for finances

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6
Q

At the time of Roman Republic two social groups were at conflict, which ones

A

Patricians (powerful families) and Plebeians (common people)

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6
Q

what is the base of Roman legal system and when was it created

A

Laws of 12 Tables, 451 BC

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7
Q

plebeians formed their own assembly, what was it called

A

Counsil of plebeians (tribunes protected their rights)

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8
Q

most powerful unit in Roman society

A

family

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9
Q

how many punic wars were there

A

3

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10
Q

what was the reason behind the first punic war

A

Rome wanted to control Sicilly

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11
Q

who fought the punic wars

A

Rome vs Carthage

12
Q

who won the first punic war

A

Rome (Sicilly became roman province)

13
Q

who lead Carthage into the second punic war and what animal did they use

A

Hannibal, war elephants

14
Q

discribe how the second punic war went

A

Hannibal, together with his 50 000 men approached Rome trough the Alps. they attacked Italy and won in battle of Cannae (216 BC). While Hannibal was in Italy Romans attacked Carthage and won in Zama (202 BC). Carthage gave up their navy and lost territories in Spain

15
Q

how did the third punic war end

A

Romans destructed Carthage and took control over eastern Mediterranean

16
Q

what does Mare Nostrum mean

A

our sea

17
Q

Name some facts about the roman army

A
  • All citizens who owned land had to serve in the army
  • Romans organized in large military units = legions
  • 6000 heavily armed foot soldiers – infantry
  • Cavalry – soldiers on horses
  • Military and fighting skills of Roman army was a key factor in Roman expansion
  • they treated their defeated opponents generously with privileges, and tried to make them allies
18
Q

what was the biggest crissis of the roman republic

A

farmers sold their land to wealthy families, since they had no land they couldn´t serve in the army

19
Q

who tried to solve the problem with land and how

A

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, giving land to the poor (tiberius was then murdered and gaius commited)

20
Q

what lead to the rebellion of the slaves in 73 BC

A

stable goverment replaced by dictatorship and economy depended on slave labour

21
Q

who lead the slaves during the rebellion

A

Spartacus (former gladiator)

22
Q

who formed triumvirate and when

A

Marcus Crassus (wealthy patrician), Pompeius (famous general), Ceasar, in 60 BC

22
Q

what does “Veni, vidi, vici” mean

A

i came i saw i conquered

23
Q

who killed ceasar and why

A

the senate, they didn´t like his growing power and ifluence

23
Q

ceasars death resulted in…

A

civil war

24
Q

who formed the second triumvirate and what was their goal

A

Octavian (ceasars nephew), Mark Anthony (former general of infantry), Lepidus (formed general), they wanted to restore peace in Republic

25
Q

Octavian later accepted a new title…

A

Augustus

26
Q

who was imperator

A

a person commanding supreme military

27
Q

The fortified border of the Roman Empire was called…

A

Limes Romanus

28
Q

what was the period when Caligula and Nero ruled

A

Period of prosperity and peace

29
Q

name 3 good emperors

A

Nerva, Antonius Pius, Trajan, Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius

30
Q

what was the purpose of the Hadrian´s Wall

A

built to separate the Romans from the barbarians, continuous Roman defensive barrier that guarded the north province of Britain

30
Q

Which emperor came to Trenčín and named it Laugaricio

A

Marcus Aurelius

31
Q

what assured tolerance for all religions

A

Edict of Milan (313 AD)

32
Q

who made Christianity state religion

A

Theodosius

33
Q

why was the Roman empire declined

A

Germanic tribes and the Huns invaded Roman Empire in the 400s

33
Q

what 2 parts was the empire divided into

A

Roman Western Empire and Roman Eastern Empire

34
Q

who was the last emperor of the roman western empire

A

Augustus

35
Q

when did the roman western empire fall

A

476 AD

36
Q

how long did the roman eastern empire last

A

also known as Byzantine Empire survived for more 1000 years, overtaken by Ottoman Empire in 1453

37
Q

name the years to these events:
Fouding of Rome
The start of Roman Republic
Laws of Twelve Tables
Start of the 1st Punic War
Battle of Cannae
Battle of Zama
Start of the 3rd Punic War
Rebellion of the slaves
1st Triumvirate
The start of Roman Empire
Edict of Milan
The fall of Roman Western Empire

A

753 BC
509 BC
451 BC
264 BC
216 BC
202 BC
149 BC
73 - 71 BC
60 BC
31 BC
313 AD
476 AD

38
Q

5 symbols of roman legacy

A

Christianity, Roman Law, Paved roads, Latin, Architecture, Literature, Roman numerals, Art, Entertainment…

dej (3 decks)

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