anatomy wk 1-3 Flashcards
1
Q
what is the origin of pectoralis major?
A
sternal end of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-7
2
Q
what is the insertion of pectoralis major?
A
intertubercular sulcus, greater tubercle of humerus
3
Q
what is the pectoralis major the prime mover of?
A
arm flexion
4
Q
what actions occur in the pectoralis major?
A
medial rotation, adduction, flexion
5
Q
what is the origin of the deltoid?
A
lateral end of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
6
Q
what is the insertion of the deltoid?
A
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
7
Q
what are the actions of the deltoid?
A
- abduction (all fibres)
- flexion/medial rotation (anterior fibres only)
- extension/lateral rotation (posterior)
8
Q
what nerve innervates the deltoid?
A
axillary
9
Q
what is the origin of latissimus dorsi?
A
lower 6 thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, lower 3-4 ribs and iliac crest
10
Q
what is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?
A
inter-tubercular sulcus of humerus
11
Q
what are the actions of the latissimus dorsi?
A
extension, adduction and medial rotation
12
Q
what are the four rotator cuff muscles?
A
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- subscapularis
13
Q
what is the origin of the supraspinatus?
A
supraspinous fossa of scapula
14
Q
what is the insertion of the supraspinatus?
A
greater tubercle of humerus
15
Q
what actions are initiated by supraspinatus?
A
abduction, stabilises shoulder
16
Q
what is the origin of infraspinatus?
A
infraspinous fossa of scapula
17
Q
what is the insertion of infraspinatus?
A
greater tubercle of humerus
18
Q
what actions are initiated by the infraspinatus?
A
lateral rotation of humerus, stabilises humeral head in glenoid cavity
19
Q
what is the origin of teres minor?
A
lateral border of scapula
20
Q
what is the insertion of teres minor?
A
greater tubercle of humerus
21
Q
what is the action of teres minor?
A
lateral rotation of arm, stabilises humeral head
22
Q
what is the origin of subscapularis?
A
subscapular fossa of scapula
23
Q
what is the insertion of subscapularis?
A
greater tubercle of humerus
24
Q
what is the actions of subscapularis?
A
medial rotation of humerus, stabilises humeral head
25
what are two synergists of the rotator muscles?
teres major and coracobrachialis
26
what is the origin of teres major?
posterior scapula at inferior angle
27
what is the insertion of teres major?
lesser tubercle of humerus
28
what are the actions of teres major?
extends, medially rotates and adducts
29
what muscle is teres major a synergist of?
latissimus dorsi
30
what is the origin of coarcobrachialis?
coracoid process of scapula
31
what is the insertion of coracobrachialis?
medial surface shaft of humerus
32
what are the actions of coracobrachialis?
flexion and adduction of humerus
33
what is coracobrachialis a synergist of?
pectoralis major
34
what is the origin of brachialis?
distal humerus
35
what is the insertion of the brachialis?
coronoid process of ulna
36
what is brachialis the prime mover of?
forearm flexion
37
what is brachialis innervated by?
musculocutaneous nerve
38
what is the short head origin of the bicep brachii?
coracoid process
39
what is the long head origin of the bicep brachii?
supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
40
what is the insertion of bicep brachii?
common tendon into radial tuberosity of radius
41
what is the bicep brachii the prime mover of?
elbow flexion and supination
42
what is the bicep brachii innervated by?
musculocutaneous nerve
43
what is the origin of brachioradialis?
lateral supracondylar ridge, distal end of humerus
44
what is the insertion of brachioradialis?
base of radial styloid process
45
what is brachioradialis a synergist of?
forearm flexion, stabilises elbow
46
what is brachoradialis innervated by?
radial nerve
47
what two muscles are prime pronators of the forearm?
pronator teres and quadratus
48
what is the long head origin of triceps brachii?
infraglenoid tubercle
49
what is the short head origin of triceps brachii?
lateral and medial heads, posterior shaft of humerus
50
what is the insertion of triceps brachii?
olecranon process
51
what is triceps brachii a prime mover of?
elbow extension
52
what is triceps brachii an antagonist for?
forearm flexors
53
what is triceps brachii innervated by?
radial nerve
54
what does supinator assist the biceps brachii to do?
supinate forearm
55
what is supinator an antagonist for?
pronator muscles
56
what is the origin of flexor carpi radialis?
medial epicondyle of humerus
57
what is the insertion of flexor carpi radialis?
base of second and third metacarpals
58
what movements occur in the flexor carpi radialis?
flexion, abduction
59
what is flexor carpi radialis a weak synergist of?
elbow flexion
60
what is flexor carpi radialis innervated by?
median nerve
61
what is the origin of flexor carpi ulnaris?
medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon and posterior surface of ulna
62
what is the insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?
pisiform and hamate and base of fifth metacarpal
63
what actions occur of flexor carpi ulnaris?
flexion and adduction
64
what is flexor carpi ulnaris innervated by?
ulnar nerve
65
what is the origin of palmaris longus?
medial epicondyle of humerus
66
what is the insertion of palmaris longus?
palmar aponeurosis
67
what action does palmaris longus cause at the wrist?
flexes hand
68
what nerve innervates palmaris longus?
median nerve
69
what is the origin of extensor carpi radialis longus?
lateral supracondylar ridge
70
what is the origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
71
what is the insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus?
base of second metacarpal
72
what is the insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
third metacarpal
73
what are the actions of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?
extend and abduct wrist
74
what are extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis innervated by?
radial nerve
75
what is the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis?
medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, radial shaft
76
what is the insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?
middle phalanges of fingers 2,3,4,5
77
what action occurs at flexor digitorum superficialis muscle?
flexion at wrist and middle phalanges 2-5
78
what nerve innervates flexor digitorum superficialis?
median
79
what is the origin of flexor digitorum profundus?
coronoid process, anger-medial ulna, interosseous membrane
80
what is the insertion of flexor digitorum profundus?
distal phalanges 2-5
81
what action occurs for flexor
| digitorum profundus?
flexes DIP joints
82
what is flexor digitorum profundus innervated by?
ulnar nerve (medial half) and radial nerve (lateral half)
83
what is the origin of flexor pollicus longus?
anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
84
what is the insertion of flexor pollicus longus?
distal phalanx of thumb
85
what are actions of flexor pollicus longus?
flexes distal phalanx of thumb
86
what innervates flexor pollicus longus?
median nerve
87
what is the origin of extensor digitorum?
lateral epicondyle of humerus
88
what is the insertion of extensor digitorum?
distal phalanges 2-5, extensor digit minimi extends little finger
89
what actions are caused by the extensor digitorum?
prime mover of finger extension also abducts
90
what nerve innervates extensor digitorum?
radial nerve
91
what is the origin of extensor pollicus longus and brevis?
dorsal shaft of radius and ulna, interosseous membrane
92
what are the insertions of pollicus brevis?
base of proximal phalanx of thumb
93
what are the insertions of pollicus longus?
distal phalanx of thumb
94
what is extensor pollicus longus and brevis the prime mover of?
thumb extension
95
what is the origin of extensor carpi ulnaris?
lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior ulna
96
what is the insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris?
base of fifth metacarpal
97
what is extensor carpi ulnaris the prime mover of?
wrist extension and adduction
98
what is the origin of abductor pollicus longus?
posterior radius and ulna, interosseous membrane
99
what is the insertion of abductor pollicus longus?
base of first metacarpal and trapezium
100
what actions occur in the abductor pollicus longus?
abducts and extends thumb
101
what actions occur at the abductor pollicus brevis?
abducts thumb at carpometacarpal joint
102
what actions occur at the abductor pollicus?
adducts thumb, helps oppose thumb
103
what actions occur at the flexor pollicus brevis?
flexes thumb at carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joimts
104
what actions occur in the opponens pollicus?
opposition of thumb
105
what action occurs from abductor digiti minimi?
abducts little finger
106
what actions occur from flexor digiti minimi brevis?
flexes little finger
107
whats actions occur from opponens digiti minimi?
helps oppose little finger to thumb
108
what area is the intrinsic muscles of thenar eminence found on the palm?
ball of thumb
109
what area is the intrinsic muscles of hypothenar eminence found on the palm?
ball of little finger
110
what are the midpalm muscles?
- lumbricals
- palmar interossei
- dorsal interossei
111
what actions occur from the lumbricals?
flex fingers at MCP joints, extends fingers at IP joints
112
what actions occur from the palmar interossei?
four muscles between metacarpals, adducts fingers
113
what actions occur from the dorsal interossei?
four muscles between metacarpals deep to palmar interossei, abducts fingers
114
what muscles are thigh flexors?
- iliopsoas
- tensor fascia latae
- sartorius
115
what is the origin of iliopsoas?
iliacus and psoas major
116
what is the insertion of iliopsoas?
lesser trochanter via iliopsoas tendon
117
what is the iliopsoas muscle a prime mover of?
thigh flexion
118
what is the origin of tensor fascia latae?
iliac crest and ASIIS
119
what is the insertion of tensor fascia latae?
upper tibia via the iliotibial tract
120
what actions occur from the tensor fascia latae?
flexes, abducts, medially rotates thigh
121
what does the tensor fascia latae stabilise?
hip and knee
122
what action occurs from sartorius muscle?
flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of thigh
123
what are the hamstring muscles?
- biceps femoris
- semitendinosus
- semimembranosus
124
what are the hamstring muscles the prime movers of?
extension
125
what is the gluteus maximus a prime mover during?
forceful extension
126
what action occurs from the gluteus maximus?
lateral rotation
127
what action occurs from the gluteus medius?
medially rotates
128
what action occurs from the gluteus minimus?
medially rotates
129
what muscle is the sole extensor of the knee?
quadriceps femoris
130
what movement does the ankle perform?
dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
131
what movement do the intertarsal joints perform?
inversion and eversion of foot
132
what movement do the toes perform?
flexion and extension
