Anatomy Thorax Flashcards
anterior and posterior articulations of ribs
posterior: all articulate with vertebrae
anterior:
ribs 1-7 attach to sternum
ribs 8-10 attach to costal cartilage above them
ribs 11-12 “floating ribs” no attachment
flail chest
fracture of 2 or more adjacent ribs - paradoxial movement of chest when breathing
what embryonic structure gives rise to thymus
3rd pharyngeal pouch
thymus is found in what compartment and what is its function
superior mediastinum, posterior to manubrium of sternum
helps in development immune system in adolescence then becomes fat
syndrome where thymus does not develop
DiGeorge syndrome "CATCH" Congenital heart defects Abnormal facies Thymus aplasia --> prone to recurrent infections Cleft palate Hypoparathyroidism
what structures in breast are involved in lactation
mammary glands (modified sweat glands)
blood supply to medial side of breast
internal thoracic/mammary artery (from subclavian)
blood supply to lateral side of breast
- lateral thoracic and lateral thoracoacromial
- lateral mammary
- mammary branch
levels of lymph nodes in axillary dissection for breast cancer
level 1: below pectoralis minor (lateral)
level 2: under it
level 3: above it (medial)
What structures are found in lung hilum
bronchus, pulmonary artery, 2 pulmonary veins, nerves+vessels
which bronchus has higher risk of foreign body inhalation
right bronchus due to wider shape and more vertical course
Types of emboli
Thrombus
Fat, from bone fracture or ortho surgery
Air, from neck cannulation
Where do the bronchial veins drain
right bronchial into azygos vein
Left bronchial into accessory hemiazygos vein
SVC is the direct convergence of which 2 veins
Location of this union
right and left brachiocephalic veins
Posterior to first right costal cartilage
What vein is important for right atrium pressure
SVC is valveless so pressure of right atrium is the same as SVC and its branches –> right internal jugular vein
