Anatomy Thoracic Flashcards
I.D by Palpation of specific T vertebra.
T1: Inferior to C7SP
T3: Midline b/n root of the spines
T7: Midline between inferior angles of scapula.
T12: Midpoint b/n inferior angle and iliac crest.
Typical Thoracic Vertebrae
Vertebral Body
Vertebral Arch
Connected by Pedicles
Demi Facets
Articulations of ribs on posterolateral aspects of the vertebral body
T vertebra plane and movement
Front plane results in more SB and rotation. Limits flexion/extension
What is atypical about T1
It has a full superior facet on body for head of 1st rib. Has demi facet for superior articular facet on head of 2nd rib.
What is atypical about T10?
Facet for rib located on pedicle, not body.
What is atypical about T11/12?
Facet for rib located on pedicle.
Have full facets for ribs instead of demi facets.
No transverse facet for rib articulations on rib 11 and 12.
True ribs #
1-7
False ribs #
8-10
Floating ribs #
10-12
Typical ribs #
2-9
Atypical ribs #
1, 10-12
Articular portion of rib
Bears a convex facet for articulation with the TP of the similarly numbered vertebrae.
Non-articular portion of rib
Is a small roughened area that serves as the attachment site for the lateral costatransverse ligament.
What ribs contain only 1 articular facet?
10,11,12
Sternum consists of?
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Joints of Thoracic Cage Classification
Synarthrosis, Cartilaginous, Symphysis
Facet Joint Classification
Synovial, Planar
Facet joint movement in Thoracic
More SB and rotationm limited Flex/Ext
Joint of the head of the rib location
B/n the head of the rib and the vertebral bodies
Costotransverse Joint
B/n the tubercle of the rib and the TP
Joint of the head of the rib formation
Ribs 2-9 formed by head of rib and 2 adjacent vertebra
Joint of head of rib classification
Synovial w/ ovoid morphology.
Ligamentous support of head of rib?
Radiate ligament
Costotransverse joint members include?
Nick of rib w/facet ant aspect of TP
Costotransverse joint classification?
Synovial, Planar
Ligamentous support of Costotransverse joint?
Costotransverse ligament
Costochondral joint classification
Synarhrroses and Synchondrosis
1st chondrosternal joint
B/n 1st rib costal cartilage and manubrium is synarthrodial joint.
2nd chondrosternal joint is a
Diarthrodial (synovial) joint
3rd-7 Chondrolsternal joints classification?
Synovial, Planar
Interchondral joints location
Ribs 6-10
Interchondral Joints classification?
Synovial
Manubristernal Joint classification
Symphysis ( joint w/fibrocartilaginous disc)
Xiphisternal joint classification
Symphysis
Diaphragm movement
As diaphragm contracts height decreases, increasing volume of thorax. Connected by central tendon
External Intercostal Muscle superior layer fiber direction
Hands in pocket
Internal intercostal muscles fiber direction
Inferolateral
Limiting factor forward bending
facets upglide bilaterally
Annulus fibrosus compresses anteriorly
Limiting factor backward bending
facets downglide bilaterally
Ant annulus fibrosus stretched
firm and possible bony end feel
SB non-functional
SB and rotation are opposite ipsilateral facet glides inferiorly contralateral facet glides superiorly vertebra rotates contra laterally Ipsilateral disc compressed
SB functional
SB and rotation same side
Ipsilateral facets gap
Contralateral facets compress
Rotation
Ipsilateral facets gap
Contralteral facets compress
Minimal rotation in segments but great rotation as a whole
Conduit
structures that pass completely through the thorax from one body region to another or structures that connect organs in the thorax to other body regions.
Upper thoracic region
T1-T4
middle thoracic region
T4-T9
Lower thoracic region
T10-T12
TP typical characteristics
articulate with turbercle of the rib to form the joint of the head of rib.
4 articular processes on each vertebrae
2 superior and 2 inferior articular processes
Atypical Rib 1
Single articular facet on head of rib, most highly curved rib.
Atypical rib 10
Head of the 10th rib contains only one articular facet for articulation with the body of the 10th thoracic vertebra.
Atypical ribs 11 and 12
Heads only contain one articular facet to articulate with vertebra.
These ribs do not contain necks, tubercles, or rib angles
3 layers of intercostal muscles superficial to deep
External Intercostal
Internal Intercostal
Innermost Intercostal
Extension Biomechanics and limiting factors
ALL, Rectus abdominus, facets downglide, posterior compression, sagittal plane, frontal axis.
Flexion biomechanics and limiting factors
Supraspinus, interspinus, PLL, ligamentum flavum, intertransverse ligaments.
Anterior compression
Erector spinae limits
Facet movement when in neutral
SB contralateral rotation
Facet movement when in functional position
Ipsilateral opening of facets and contralateral closing.
SB limitation
Quadratus lumborum, inter transverse, iliolumbar ligaments
Facets open contralateral side
