Anatomy: The Upper LImb Flashcards
humeroulnar: anteriorly, the _____ of the humerus articulates with the ___________ of the ulna
trochlea, trochlear notch
posteriorly, the olecranon articulates with the _________________
olecranon fossa (in full extension)
humeroradial: the capitulum articulates with the _______
fovea
the superior surface of the head of the radius is slightly cup shaped - called the _______
fovea
the humeroulnar and humeroradial articulations are ______ joints
hinge
Olecranon bursitis AKA ____________
student’s elbow
The proximal radioulnar joint is a ______ joint
pivot (round head of radius pivots around the radial notch of the ulna)
what movements happen at the proximal radioulnar joint?
pronation, supination
a u-shaped ligament that runs from the anterior surface of the radial notch around the head of the radius to the posterior surface of the radial notch – holds the head of the radius in place:
annular ligament (preschool kids can get a ‘slipped elbow’ from forceful traction of the pronated forearm)
allows for movement of the radius around a relatively fixed ulna:
The distal radioulnar joint
The distal radioulnar joint is a _____ joint
pivot
the ulna does not directly articulate with the ______ bones
carpal
Coracobrachialis attachments:
superior/proximal attachment: coracoid process
inferior/distal attachment: middle, medial humerus
Coracobrachialis actions:
action: G-H adduction (horizontal in particular)
action: G-H flexion (weak)
Biceps brachii attachments:
superior/proximal attachment (long head): supraglenoid tubercle
superior/proximal attachment (short head): coracoid process
inferior/distal attachment: radial tuberosity, bicipital aponeurosis
Biceps brachii actions:
- G-H flexion
- Elbow flexion (in supination)
- Forearm supination (proximal and distal radioulnar joints)
Brachialis attachments and action:
superior/proximal attachment: anterior distal ½ of the humerus
inferior/distal attachment: ulnar tuberosity, coronoid process
action: elbow flexion (prime mover)
Triceps brachii attachments:
*proximal attachment:
(long head) infraglenoid tubercle
(lateral head) posterior proximal humerus
(medial head) posterior distal humerus
*distal attachment:
olecranon process
Triceps brachii actions:
action (long head): G-H extension
action (all heads): elbow extension
Anconeus attachments and actions:
superior/proximal attachment: lateral epicondyle
inferior/distal attachment: olecranon process
action: elbow extension (assists triceps)
Carpal bones proximal row, (lateral to medial):
- scaphoid
- lunate (moon shaped) (most commonly dislocated)
- triquetrum (pyramid shaped)
- pisiform (pea-shaped: Latin: pisum (pea) – easily palpable
Carpal bones distal row (from lateral to medial):
- trapezium (including its tubercle)
- trapezoid
- capitate (has a rounded head: Latin: caput (head))
- hamate – easily identified by the anterior projection called the hook of the hamate
Starting with the proximal row and moving lateral to medial: Some lovers try positions that they can’t handle
SLTP
TTCH
the flexor retinaculum attaches laterally to the tubercles of the _______ and ________ and medially to the hook of the ______ and _______
scaphoid, trapezium : hamate, pisiform
the retinaculum forms a tunnel called the ____________ through which structures pass
carpal tunnel
The radiocarpal (wrist) joint articulates with these bones (and surfaces):
radius, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, articular disc of the ulna
The radiocarpal joint is a ______________joint:
condyloid
The ulnomeniscotriquetral joint is a __________ joint:
functional
the joint between the ulna and triquetrum is called?
The ulnomeniscotriquetral joint
The proximal row of carpals articulates with the distal row of carpals and is called the:
midcarpal joint
Actions of the midcarpal joint:
flexion
extension
movements of these joints increase the movements at the wrist joint
The midcarpal joints are ______ joints
plane
