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Intro to Anatomy > Anatomy: knee/lower leg/feet > Flashcards

Anatomy: knee/lower leg/feet Flashcards

1
Q

Checks anterior translation of the tibia on the femur (or posterior translation of the femur on the tibia) and knee extension:

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

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2
Q

ACL attachment points:

A

Anterior intercondylar area of the tibia ⬄posterior and medial side of the lateral femoral condyle

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3
Q

The ACL is ________ when the knee is flexed and ________ when the knee is in full extension

A

Slack/taut

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4
Q

Checks posterior translation of the tibia on the femur (or anterior translation of the femur on the tibia) and knee flexion:

A

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

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5
Q

The PCL attaches:

A

Posterior intercondylar area of the tibia ⬄anterior and lateral side of the medial femoral condyle

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6
Q

Location of the Suprapatellar bursa

A

Superior to the patella between the tendon of the quadriceps muscle and the femur

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7
Q

What holds the Suprapatellar bursa in place/retracts it during knee extension?

A

the articularis genus muscle

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8
Q

Location of the Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa:

A

Between the skin and the anterior part of the patella

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9
Q

Layman’s term for the subcutaneous prepatellar bursitis:

A

Housemaid’s knee

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10
Q

Location of the Subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa:

A

Between the skin and the proximal tibia (in the area of the tibial tuberosity)

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11
Q

Layman’s term for Subcutaneous infrapatellar bursitis=

A

“clergyman’s knee” or “carpetlayer’s knee”

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12
Q

Deep infrapatellar bursa location:

A

Between the tendon of the quadriceps muscle and the anterior tibia (superior to the tibial tuberosity)

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13
Q

Pes anserine bursa tendons:

A

Sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus muscles

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14
Q

Pes anserinus muscles:

A

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

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15
Q

Pes anserine looks like a:

A

goose foot

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16
Q

Medial semimembranosus bursa layman’s term:

A

Baker’s cyst

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17
Q

Bursa deep to the iliotibial band bursitis layman’s term:

A

“runner’s knee”

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18
Q

Medical term for bursitis of the bursa deep to the IT band:

A

IT band friction syndrome

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19
Q

Muscles of the quads:

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis (& VMO), vastus intermedius

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20
Q

Quads are prime movers for the ______:

A

Knee

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21
Q

All quad muscles attach distally to the ______ via the _________ ligament

A

Tibial tuberosity; patellar

22
Q

Actions of Rectus femoris:

A

hip joint flexion

knee extension

23
Q

Vastus lateralis action:

A

knee joint extension

24
Q

Vastus lateralis attachment points:

A

superior/proximal attachment: lateral lip of linea aspera

inferior/distal attachment: tibial tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)

25
Q

Vastus medialis attachment points:

A

Superior/proximal attachment: medial lip of linea aspera

Inferior/distal attachment: tibial tuberosity (via the patellar ligament)

26
Q

Vastus medialis action:

A

Knee joint extension

27
Q

Vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) actions:

A

knee joint extension

pulls patella medially (to prevent excessive lateral tracking)

28
Q

What ligaments attach the medial and lateral menisci to their respective tibial plateaus?

A

medial and lateral coronary ligaments

29
Q

They function to deepen the articulation (provide a more stable articulation between the tibia and the femur) and are slightly mobile and aid in the spreading of synovial fluid during knee movement:

A

Menisci of the knee

30
Q

(Quads) Vastus intermedius action:

A

knee joint extension

31
Q

Ant. thigh muscles: Articularis genu action:

A

pulls the capsule proximally during knee extension to prevent pinching of the capsule

32
Q

Ant thigh: Sartorius actions:

A

action: hip joint flexion
action: hip joint abduction
action: hip joint lateral rotation
action: knee joint flexion
action: knee joint medial rotation (when the knee is already flexed)

33
Q

Med. thigh muscles: Pectineus actions:

A

action: hip adduction
action: hip flexion (weak)

34
Q

Med. thigh muscles: Adductor brevis actions:

A

action: hip adduction
action: hip flexion (weak)

35
Q

Med. thigh muscles: Adductor longus actions:

A

action: hip adduction
action: hip flexion (weak)

36
Q

Med. thigh muscles: Gracilis actions:

A

action: hip adduction
action: knee flexion
action: knee medial rotation

37
Q

the only hip adductor that crosses the knee:

A

gracilis

38
Q

the most medial of the adductors:

A

gracilis

39
Q

Med thigh muscles: Adductor magnus – anterior fibres, action:

A

action: hip adduction
action: hip flexion

40
Q

Adductor magnus – posterior fibres, action:

A

action: hip adduction
action: hip extension

41
Q

Med. thigh muscles: In the inferior attachment of ______________ (about a hand-width above the adductor tubercle), is an opening called the adductor hiatus which allows for blood vessels to pass through

A

adductor magnus

42
Q

Post. thigh muscles: Biceps femoris – long head, actions:

A

action: hip extension (and lateral rotation)
action: knee flexion
action: knee lateral rotation

43
Q

Biceps femoris – short head, actions:

A

action: knee flexion
action: knee lateral rotation

44
Q

Semitendinosus actions:

A

action: hip extension (and medial rotation)
action: knee flexion
action: knee medial rotation

45
Q

Semimembranosus actions:

A

action: hip extension (and medial rotation)
action: knee flexion
action: knee medial rotation

46
Q

most proximal bone of the foot:

A

talus

47
Q

largest and strongest of the foot bones

A

calcaneus

48
Q

this part of the calcaneus contacts the ground:

A

tuberosity of the calcaneus

49
Q

what articulates between the talus and the cuneiform bones and is palpable on the medial side?

A

navicular

50
Q

Articulates anteriorly with the 4th and 5th metatarsals and posteriorly with the calcaneus:

A

cuboid

51
Q

hindfoot:
midfoot:

forefoot:

A

talus and calcaneus

navicular, cuboid & 3 cuneiforms

5 metatarsals and 14 phalanges

Intro to Anatomy (7 decks)

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