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MBChB YR2: Opthalmology > Anatomy: The Extraocular Muscles > Flashcards

Anatomy: The Extraocular Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Name the muscle shown in blue

A

Inferior rectus

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2
Q

Name the origin of the recti muscles

A

All originate from common tendinous ring

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3
Q

Name the muscles which synergistically depress eyes by working antagonistically as adductors/abductors

A

Superior oblique and inferior rectus

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4
Q

Name the cranial nerve which supplies all of the extra-ocular muscles with the exception of the lateral rectus and the superior oblique?

A

CN III (oculomotor nerve)

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5
Q

The medial rectus can only _____ the eyeball

A

Adduct

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6
Q

When in adduction, the superior oblique can only ______

A

Depress

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7
Q

What is indicated by the arrow?

A

Superior tarsus muscle

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8
Q

Which nerve supplies the levator palpebrae superioris?

A

CN III

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9
Q

The lateral rectus can only _____ the eyeball

A

Abduct

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10
Q

What is indicated by the arrow?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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11
Q

How would you test the function of the superior rectus muscle?

A

Ask patient to look laterally and upward

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12
Q

Name the muscles which synergistically elevate the eyes by working antagonistically as rotators

A

Superior rectus and inferior oblique

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13
Q

Name the origin of levator palpebrae superioris

A

Lesser wing of sphenoid

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14
Q

How would you test the function of the inferior rectus muscle?

A

Ask patient to look laterally and downward

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15
Q

How would you test the function of the lateral rectus muscle?

A

Ask patient to look laterally

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16
Q

Describe the innervation of the superior tarsal muscle (Mueller’s muscle)

A

Sympathetic fibres from the superior cervical ganglion

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17
Q

When in abduction, the superior rectus can only ______

A

Elevate

18
Q

The tendon of the _______ oblique passes through a trochlea (loop of connective tissue) before inserting onto the eyeball

A

Superior

19
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies the superior oblique?

A

CN IV (trochlear nerve)

20
Q

Name the only muscle involved in raising the superior eyelid

A

Levator palpebrae superioris

21
Q

Name the insertion of the oblique muscles

A

Both insert onto sclera

22
Q

When in adduction, the inferior oblique can only ______

A

Elevate

23
Q

Name the insertion of the recti muscles

A

All insert onto sclera

24
Q

Name the muscle shown in purple

A

Superior rectus

25
Q

Name the insertion of levator palpebrae superioris

A

Skin and tarsus of superior eyelid

26
Q

Describe the clinical anatomy of Mueller’s muscle relevant to Horner’s syndrome

A

The Mueller’s muscle assists the levator in elevating the top eyelid

It receives sympathetic innervation which may be compromised in Horner’s syndrome causing ptosis

27
Q

Name the origin of the superior oblique

A

Originates from sphenoid bone

28
Q

Name the muscle shown in orange

A

Inferior oblique

29
Q

When in abduction, the inferior rectus can only ______

A

Depress

30
Q

How would you test the function of the inferior oblique muscle?

A

Ask patient to look medially and upward

31
Q

Name the muscle shown in red

A

Levator palpebrae superioris

32
Q

How would you test the function of the medial rectus muscle?

A

Ask patient to look medially

33
Q

Name the muscle shown in pink

A

Medial rectus

34
Q

What is indicated by the arrow?

A

Tendon of levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) muscle

35
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies the lateral rectus?

A

CN VI (abducent nerve)

36
Q

Name the muscle shown in green

A

Lateral rectus

37
Q

Name the muscle shown in yellow

A

Superior oblique

38
Q

How would you test the function of the superior oblique muscle?

A

Ask patient to look medially and downward

39
Q

Name the action of the superior tarsal muscle (Mueller’s muscle)

A

Assists the levator palpebrae superioris in opening the eyelid

40
Q

What is indicated by the arrow?

A

Tarsal gland

41
Q

Name the origin of the inferior oblique

A

Orbital plate of maxilla

MBChB YR2: Opthalmology (20 decks)

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