Anatomy: The Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pterion?

A

an H shaped suture on the lateral aspect of the skull

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2
Q

What are the two parts of the temporal bone?

A

The petrous and squamous part

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3
Q

The petrous part of the temporal bone contains what three important structures.

A

the organs of hearing and balance
the facial nerve
the vestibulocochlear nerve

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4
Q

What type of cartilage is in the external ear

A

elastic

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5
Q

What glands are contained within the ear canal and produce wax

A

ceruminous glands

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6
Q

What nerve supplies (sensory) the superior part of the EAM and most of the tympanic membrane

A

V3

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7
Q

What nerve supplies (sensory) to the inferior part of the EAM and tympanic membrane

A

vagus

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8
Q

What is the name of the thin part of the tympanic membrane superiorly?

A

Pars flaccida (superiorly)

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9
Q

What is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane?

A

the umbo

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10
Q

What is the name of the thick part of the tympanic membrane

A

the pars tensa (posteroinferiorly)

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11
Q

Where is the cone of light normally directed in an otoscopic examination

A

anteroinferiorly

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12
Q

What supplies the sensory nerve supply to the external surface of the tympanic membrane

A

V3 (auriculotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve)

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13
Q

what gives the sensory nerve supply to the internal surface of the tympanic membrane

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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14
Q

What supplies the middle ear, eustachian tube, nasopharynx, oropharynx and tonsils with sensory innervation

A

glossopharyngeal (IX)

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15
Q

What tonsil is in the roof of the nasopharynx

A

pharyngeal

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16
Q

what tonsil is in the lateral wall of the oropharynx

A

palatine

17
Q

What gives sensory supply to the laryngo pharynx

A

vagus

18
Q

What is the function of the Eustachian tube

A

connects the middle ear cavity to the nasopharynx

19
Q

what is the promontoryq

A

bony swelling on the medial wall of the middle ear cavity formed by the cochlea of the internal ear

20
Q

what is the aditus

A

doorway into the right mastoid antrun from the epitympanic recess

21
Q

what is the name of the space inside the otic capsule

A

the bony labyrinth

22
Q

what is the name of the apex of the spiral of the cochlea

A

the cupula

23
Q

what is the name of the fluid contained in the bony labyrinth

A

perilymph

24
Q

what is the name of the fluid within the semicircular and cochear ducts

A

endolymph

25
Q

what nerves are in the internal acoustic meatus

A

the vestibulocochlear nerve ( made up of the vestibular and cochlear nerve) and the facial nerve

26
Q

what nerve supplies tast buds at the anterior two thirds of the tongue

A

chorda tympani (branch of VII)

27
Q

what else does the chorda tympahny supply

A

the parasympathetic supply to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

28
Q

what is the function of the tensor tympani?

A

skeletal muscle which pulls on the handle of the malleus

29
Q

what is the function of the stapedius muscle

A

reduces stapes movement to protect the internal ear from excess noise

30
Q

what supplies the tensor typani (nerve

A

V3

31
Q

what nerve supplies the stapedius

A

VII

32
Q

where does the facial nerve divide

A

parotid salivary gland

33
Q

what can be caused due to pathology of CN VII

A

ipsilateral loss of facial expression or taste
dry mouth
reduced general sensation in the auricle

34
Q

what can be caused by pathology of CN VIII

A

ipsilateral loss of hearing and/or balance