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Spring 24 > Anatomy Test 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

skull, thoracic cage, vertebral column, hyoid

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2
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

pectoral girdle, upper extremity, pelvic girdle, lower extremity

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3
Q

Only bone in the body that does not articulate with another bone

A

hyoid

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4
Q

vertebral disk are made up of

A

fibrocartilage

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5
Q

Atlas

A

C1, articulates with occipital bone, yes motion

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6
Q

Axis

A

C2, dense projects into atlas, no motion

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7
Q

how many pairs of ribs

A

12

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8
Q

true ribs

A

1-7

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9
Q

false ribs

A

8-12

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10
Q

floating ribs

A

11-12

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11
Q

pectoral girdle

A

scapula, clavicle

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12
Q

pelvic girdle

A

hip bone, ilium, ischium, pubis

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13
Q

floating bone

A

patella, sesamoid bone

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14
Q

articulation

A

site where two or more bones meet

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15
Q

Fibrous joints

A

synarthroses, no movement, dense fibrous connective tissue, sutures, syndesmoses, interosseous membrane

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16
Q

cartilaginous joints

A

amphiarthroses, slight movement, synchondroses(hyaline cartilage), symphyses

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17
Q

synovial joint

A

diarthroses, freely moveable, most joints in body

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18
Q

synarthroses

A

fibrous

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19
Q

amphiarthroses

A

cartilaginous

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20
Q
A
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21
Q

diarthroses

A

synovial

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21
Q

joint capsule is made up of

A

dense irregular CT, filled with synovial fluid

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21
Q

uniaxial

A

allows movement in one plane

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22
Q

nonaxial

A

allow slipping movement

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23
Q

biaxial

A

allow movement in two planes

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24
Q

multiaxial

A

allows movement in all three planes

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25
Q

Factors that help stabilize the joint

A

strength/tension of joint ligaments, structure/shape of articulating bones, arrangement/tension of muscles, contact soft parts, hormones, disuse

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26
Q

Bursa

A

fibrous sacs linked with synovial membranes that contain synovial fluid, acts like a cushion between tendon/bone

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27
Q

Shoulder joint

A

ball and socket, humerus/glenoid fossa, multiaxial, four rotator cuff tendons, flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external

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28
Q

elbow joint

A

radius/ulna, humerus, hinge joint, trochlear notch and trochlea, biceps/triceps, flexion/extension, supination/pronation

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29
Q

hip joint

A

ball and socket joint, head of femur with acetabulum, flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external

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30
Q

knee joint

A

most complex, flexion/extension, ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL

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31
Q

muscle contraction

A

pulls insertion closer to the origin

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32
Q

prime movers

A

provide the major force for producing a specific movement

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33
Q

antagonists

A

oppose or reverse a particular movement

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34
Q

synergists

A

helps prime movers, add force to a movement, reduce unnecessary movement

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35
Q

Frontalis

A

on frontal bone, wrinkles forehead, raises eyebrows

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36
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

around the eye, closes eyelid

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37
Q

orbicularis oris

A

around the mouth, closes, purses, puckers lips, kissing muscle

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38
Q

buccinator

A

compresses cheeks to keep food in, helps you whistle

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39
Q

zygomaticus major

A

elevates corner of the mouth, smiling muscle

40
Q

platysma

A

tenses skin of neck, gives us wrinkles in our neck

41
Q

chewing

A

mastication

42
Q

mastication muscles

A

temporalis, masseter

43
Q

temporalis

A

inserts on mandible, pulls mandible up

44
Q

maseter

A

inserts on mandible, prime movers of mandible

45
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

O: sternum/clavicle, I: mastoid process, A:flexes head and neck. right muscle turns to the left and left muscle turns to the right

46
Q

suprahyoid

A

swallowing, superior to hyoid, digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, all insert on hyoid

47
Q

glossus

A

move tongue, hypoglossus(depress tongue), styloglossus(retract tongue), geneoglossus(protract tongue)

48
Q

pectoralis major

A

prime movers for shoulder flexion, large fan shaped, O:clavicle/sternum, I:humerus

49
Q

Breathing muscles

A

external/internal intercostals, diaphragm

50
Q

trapezius

A

does not move shoulder, elevates, retracts, rotates the scapula, hyperextends neck

51
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

inserts on humerus, prime movers for arm extension, adduction

52
Q

prime movers of shoulder

A

pec major, lat dorsi, deltoid

53
Q

rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapulars

54
Q

Biceps brachii

A

prime movers of elbow flexion, I:radial tuberosity

55
Q

Brachialis

A

O: ant. body of humerus, I: tuberosity of ulna, crosses elbow joint, connect humerus to ulna

56
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: humerus, I: styloid process of radius, longer muscle, lateral

57
Q

triceps brachii

A

O: humerus, I: olecranon of ulna, pulls ulna closer to humerus causing extension

58
Q

hip flexors

A

iliopsoas, sartorious, rectus femoris

59
Q

hip extensors

A

gluteus max, hamstring group

60
Q

hip adductors

A

adductor Magnus, adductor brevis, adductor Longus, gracilis

61
Q

hip abductors

A

glut minimus, glut med, IT band

62
Q

Hamstring group

A

bicep femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

63
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

64
Q

tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion

65
Q

Triceps surae

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, I: calcaneus via the Achilles tendon

66
Q

prime movers for shoulder flexion

A

pec major, anterior deltoid

67
Q

antagonist for shoulder flexion

A

lat dorsi

68
Q

prime movers for shoulder extension

A

lat dorsi, posterior deltoid

69
Q

antagonist for shoulder extension

A

pec major

70
Q

prime movers for shoulder abduction

A

deltoid, supraspinatus

71
Q

antagonist for shoulder abduction

A

pec major, lat dorsi

72
Q

prime movers for should adduction

A

lat dorsi, pec major

73
Q

antagonist for shoulder adduction

A

deltoid

74
Q

prime movers for shoulder internal rotation

A

subscapulars, pec major

75
Q

antagonist for shoulder internal rotation

A

infraspinatus, teres minor

76
Q

prime movers for shoulder external rotation

A

infraspinatus, teres major

77
Q

antagonist for shoulder external rotation

A

subscapulars, pec major

78
Q

prime movers for elbow flexion

A

biceps brachii

79
Q

synergist for elbow flexion

A

brachioradialus/brachialus

80
Q

antagonist for elbow flexion

A

triceps brachii

81
Q

prime movers for elbow extension

A

triceps brachii

82
Q

antagonist for elbow extension

A

biceps brachii

83
Q

prime movers for hip flexion

A

iliopsoas

84
Q

synergist for hip flexion

A

sartouris

85
Q

antagonist for hip flexion

A

gluteus maxiumus

86
Q

prime movers for hip extension

A

gluteus maximus

87
Q

antagonist for hip extension

A

iliopsoas

88
Q

prime movers for hip abduction

A

gluteus medius

89
Q

synergist for hip abduction

A

gluteus minimus, IT band

90
Q

antagonist for hip abduction

A

adductor group

91
Q

prime movers for hip adduction

A

adductor group

92
Q

antagonist for hip adduction

A

gluteus minimus/medius

93
Q

prime movers for knee flexion

A

hamstring

94
Q

antagonist for knee flexion

A

quadriceps femoris

95
Q

prime mover for knee extension

A

quadriceps femoris

96
Q

antagonist for knee extension

A

hamstring

97
Q

prime mover for ankle dorsiflexion

A

tibalis anterior

98
Q

antagonist for ankle dorsiflexion

A

triceps surae

99
Q

prime mover for ankle plantar flexion

A

triceps surae, gastronecmis, solus

100
Q

antagonist for ankle plantar flexion

A

tibalis anterior

Spring 24 (6 decks)

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