Anatomy Test 1/31/2014

Question 0

Refers to back of part of a part, organ, or structure

Answer 0

Dorsal or posterior

Question 1

Refers to the front of a part, organ, or structure

Answer 1

Ventral or anterior

Question 2

Situated toward the front of the body

Answer 2

Anterior

Question 3

Situated towards the back of the body

Answer 3

Posterior

Question 4

Cross-horizontal plane, divides the body into the cranial or cephalad and caudad

Answer 4

Transverse plane

Question 5

Upper toward the head (referring to transverse plane)

Answer 5

Cranial or cephalad

Question 6

Lower, towards the feet (referring to transverse plane)

Answer 6

Caudad

Question 7

The universal position from which all body positions and movements are described. The subject is standing upright, facing the observer. The arms are straightened, with palms facing forward

Answer 7

Anatomical position

Question 8

The full distance that a joint can be moved

Answer 8

Range of motion

Question 9

Moving an extremity at its joint closer to the trunk

Answer 9

Flexion

Question 10

Return of a joint from a flexed position

Answer 10

Extension

Question 11

When the palm faces upward

Answer 11

Supination

Question 12

When the palm faces downward

Answer 12

Pronation

Question 13

Rotating or turning an extremity medially toward the midline

Answer 13

Internal rotation

Question 14

Rotating or moving an extremity at its joint away from the midline

Answer 14

External rotation

Question 15

Movement of a body part away from the midline

Answer 15

Abduction

Question 16

Movement of a body part toward the midline

Answer 16

Adduction

Question 17

Any position in which the patient is lying down or leaning back

Answer 17

Recumbent

Question 18

Position where the body is resting on its back with the face upward

Answer 18

Supine

Question 19

A body that is lying with the face and abdomen downward

Answer 19

Prone

Question 20

A patient who is sitting up is in the?

Answer 20

Fowler’s position

Question 21

Modification of the supine position with the patients head down and the lower extremities elevated approximately 12’’

Answer 21

Trendelenburg’s position

Question 22

Left lateral recumbent position. Or laying patient on their left side?

Answer 22

Recovery position

Question 23

A viscous liquid matrix that supports all internal cellular structures (organelles)

Answer 23

Protoplasm

Question 24

The double layer of fatty components that create the outside of the cell membrane

Answer 24

Lipid bilayer

Question 25

Allowing some but not all substances to pass through a membrane to maintain homeostasis

Answer 25

Selective permeability

Question 26

Movement of particles or solutes from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Answer 26

Diffusion

Question 27

Shrinkage of a cell that results when too much water leaves the cell through osmosis

Answer 27

Crenation

Question 28

The process of disintegration or breakdown of cells that occurs when excess water enters the cell through osmosis

Answer 28

Lysis

Question 29

Endocytosis involving solid particles which means "cell eating"

Answer 29

Phagocytosis

Question 30

Endocytosis involving liquid called "cell drinking"

Answer 30

Pinocytosis

Question 31

Movement of a chemical by the use of energy through a gradient, such as a cell membrane, in concentration or electrical potential. This movement is opposite the normal movement by diffusion

Answer 31

Active transport

Question 32

The major source of energy for all chemical reactions of the body

Answer 32

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 33

Hair like microtubule projections on the surface of a cell that can move materials over the cell surface

Answer 33

Cilia

Question 34

A tail like microtubule structure capable of motion to propel the cell

Answer 34

Flagellum

Question 35

The division of one cell into two genetically identical and equal daughter cells. 46 chromosomes

Answer 35

Mitosis

Question 36

A specialized form of cell division that results in the production of mature sperm and ova

Answer 36

Meiosis

Question 37

The two sets of 23 chromosomes, one set donated by each parent, found in all cells, except sperm and ova cells, which only contain a total of 23 chromosomes

Answer 37

Diploid

Question 38

The 23 chromosomes found in sperm or ova cell

Answer 38

Haploid

Question 39

Flat sheets of epithelial cells

Answer 39

Squamous

Question 40

Rows of square-shaped epithelial cells

Answer 40

Cuboidal

Question 41

Rows of tall, thin epithelial cells

Answer 41

Columnar

Question 42

A single layer of cells, all of which are in contact with the basement membrane of the epithelial cell. Found where?

Answer 42

Simple epithelium | Kidneys

Question 43

More than one layer of cells, only one of which is in contact with the basement membrane of the epithelial cell. found where?

Answer 43

Stratified epithelium | Esophagus

Question 44

A single layer of epithelial cells of varying heights, all of which attach to the basement membrane, but all do not reach the free surface. Found where?

Answer 44

Pseudostratified epithelium | Trachea

Question 45

Layers of stratified cells that change shape from cuboidal to squamous when the organ is stretched. found in where?

Answer 45

Transitional epithelium | Stomach

Question 46

Consciously controlled, as in skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 46

Voluntary

Question 47

Not normally under conscious control, as in muscle

Answer 47

Involuntary

Question 48

Striated voluntary muscle used to move the body parts

Answer 48

Skeletal muscle

Question 49

Striated involuntary muscle that has the capacity to generate and conduct electrical impulses

Answer 49

Cardiac muscle

Question 50

Nonstriated involuntary muscle found in vessel walls, glands, and the GI tract

Answer 50

Smooth muscle

Question 51

A component of the nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the nerve cell body

Answer 51

Axons

Question 52

Tough white bands of tissue that bind joints together, connecting bone to bone and cartilage

Answer 52

Ligaments

Question 53

Tough cords or bands of dense white fibrous connective tissue that are continuous with the periosteum of the bone

Answer 53

Tendons

Question 54

A division of the skeletal system, which includes the extremities and their attachments to the body

Answer 54

Appendicular region

Question 55

The armpit

Answer 55

Axilla

Question 56

The anterior surface at the bend of the elbow

Answer 56

Antecubital fossa

Question 57

Space behind the knee

Answer 57

Popliteal fossa

Question 58

A devision of the skeletal system, which includes the head, neck, and trunk

Answer 58

Axial region

Question 59

Three layers of the meninges

Answer 59

Dura mater Arachnoid layer Pia mater

Question 60

The portion of the serous membrane that lines the walls of the trunk cavities

Answer 60

Parietal portion

Question 61

The portion of a serous membrane that covers the outside of an internal organ

Answer 61

Visceral portion

Question 62

The space between the lungs, in the center of the chest, that contains the heart, trachea, mainstem bronchi, part of the esophagus, and large blood vessels

Answer 62

Mediastinum

Question 63

Area located posterior to the parietal peritoneum that contains the kidney, pancreas, duodenum, and major blood vessels

Answer 63

Retroperitoneal space

Question 64

RUQ

Answer 64

Liver, gallbladder, umbilicus | Right Upper Quadrant

Question 65

LUQ

Answer 65

Stomach, costal arch, spleen | Left Upper Quadrant

Question 66

RLQ

Answer 66

Iliac crest, cecum, appendix, rectum | Right Lower Quadrant

Question 67

LLQ

Answer 67

Colon, small intestine, inguinal ligament | Left Lower Quadrant

Question 68

Largest organ in the body

Answer 68

Skin

Question 69

How many bones in the skeletal system

Answer 69

206