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Anatomy > Anatomy Quiz #3 2/7/2014 > Flashcards

Anatomy Quiz #3 2/7/2014 Flashcards

0
Q

Lymphatic system cycles through?

A

Lymphatic capillaries, Lymph vessels, lymph nodes,

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1
Q

A thin plasma-like liquid formed from interstitial or extracellular fluid that bathes the tissues of the body

A

Lymph

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2
Q

After the lymphatic system cycles the fluid returns through the main circulatory system via the?

A

Thoracic duct

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3
Q

What occurs if the lymphatic system isn’t working correctly and fluid backs up?

A

Edema

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4
Q

Lymphatic vessels only carry fluid ________ from the tissues

A

Away

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5
Q

Lymph vessels pass through at least _____________ ________ before entering the blood stream

A

One lymph node

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6
Q

A type of white blood cell that helps fight infection and provide immunity

A

Lymphocytes

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7
Q

Tissue with no clear boundary that blends with surrounding tissues and contains lymphocytes and other cells

A

Diffuse lymphatic tissue

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8
Q

The spreading of a disease from one part of the body to another, especially with many forms of cancer

A

Metastasize

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9
Q

A triangular-shaped gland located below the sternum in the superior mediastinum

A

Thymus

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10
Q

Spleen is located in the left upper quadrant and consists of two types of lymph tissue

A

The red pulp and white pulp

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11
Q

An immune response that is predictable each time the body is exposed to a particular challenge

A

Nonspecific immunity

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12
Q

The immune response to a given substance that is faster and stronger after each subsequent exposure

A

Specific immunity

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13
Q

What is the most important component of the immune system?

A

Leukocytes

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14
Q

Certain types of Leukocytes ingest and destroy foreign matter by the process of?

A

Phagocytosis

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15
Q

Larger cells ______________ are able to leave the bloodstream and enter diseased tissue once invader bacteria is destroyed

A

Macrophages

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16
Q

Immune globin or IgG comprises ____ to ___ of total serum antibody and is responsible for numerous actions, including Rh reactions

A

80% to 85%

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17
Q

We are born with ________ immunity

A

Natural

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18
Q

Natural immunity is

A

Genetic or natural passive immunity results when antibodies produced by the mother cross the placental barrier to provide protection against fetal infections

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19
Q

The immunity that develops in ones lifetime and is a reaction in the body occurring as a result of natural exposure to invaders or from a deliberate exposure to an antigen

A

Acquired immunity

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20
Q

Infectious disease that is spread through droplets from coughing and sneezing

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

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21
Q

Where is TB prevalent?

A

Nursing homes, homeless shelters, hospitals, prisons, migrant farm camps, and among IV drug users and HIV-positive individuals

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22
Q

What is the most frequent infectious disease found in prehospital care

A

Pneumonia and hepatitis

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23
Q

Several infectious agents are

A

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, nematodes, and prions

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24
Cause most serious human infections, including TB, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, and plague
Bacteria
25
Small particles that are incapable of living independently. Contain genetic genetic material (RNA or DNA) and typically live and reproduce within another living cell. Cause most common colds and HIV
Viruses
26
Small, plant-like organisms, such as yeast. Cause many conditions like athlete's foot, jock itch, and valley fever
Fungi
27
A single-cell animal-like microorganisms such as amoeba and plasmodium. Exposure can cause malaria
Protozoans
28
Unsegmented worms that are tapered at both ends and include roundworms, pinworms, and hookworms. Exposure is known to cause intestinal or skin disease.
Nematodes
29
Abnormal proteins, previously believed to be incapable of a free-living existence, somehow survive independently and transmit disease from person to person. No nucleus but can multiply. Example is mad cow disease
Prions
30
The nasopharynx extends from?
Internal nares to the uvula
31
The oropharynx extends from the
Uvula to the epiglottis
32
Three bony ridges contained within the lateral walls of the nasopharynx
Conchae
33
A set of bony convolutions formed by the conchae in the nasopharynx that help maintain smooth airflow
Turbinates
34
The superior portion of the vocal cords; also called the false vocal cords
Vestibular folds
35
The opening into the lower airway made up of the true vocal cords and the opening between them
Glottis
36
Inferior portion of the vocal cords that vibrate to produce sound
True vocal cords
37
The process by which a gas dissolves into liquid
Diffusion
38
The very thin membrane, consisting of only one cell layer, that lies between the alveolus and capillary, through which respiratory exchange between the alveolus and the blood vessels occurs
Alveolocapillary membrane
39
A small portion of the left lung that is the equivalent of the middle lobe in the right lung
Lingula
40
Right lung contains
3 lobes (upper, middle, and lower)
41
The left lung contains
Two lobes (upper and lower) also the lingula sits in the middle
42
What lung is more likely to inhale a foreign object?
Right lung
43
A reversible restrictive lower airway disease
Asthma
44
Medication that is designed to improve lung function
Bronchodilator
45
What organ controls respirations
The brain
46
Constriction of the airway passages of the lungs that accompanies muscle spasms
Bronchospasm
47
Asthma causes
Bronchospasm, inflammation, and constriction
48
COPD creates
Chronic bronchitis, and emphysema
49
Destruction of the walls of the alveoli, which creates resistance to expiratory airflow
Emphysema
50
Neural tissues contain two basic types of cells
Nerve cells called Neurons, and Neuroglia
51
One of the two basic types of neural tissue, they support, protect, defend and aid in the repair of injury of neural tissue. (Function as support cells)
Neuroglia
52
The central nervous style is composed of
Brain and spinal cord
53
The central nervous system includes ________ pairs of cranial nerves that branch directly from the brain
12
54
How many pairs of spinal nerves that exit the spinal cord via vertebral column
31 pairs
55
The brain stem consists of the
Medulla, pons, and midbrain and connects to the spinal cord
56
The inferior portion of the midbrain that is continuous inferiorly with the spinal cord
Medulla
57
Name the 3 meninges in correct order
Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater
58
The outermost of the three meninges that enclose the brain and spinal cord, it's the toughest membrane
Dura mater
59
The middle membrane of the three meninges that enclose the brain and spinal cord
Arachnoid
60
The innermost of the three meninges that enclose the brain and spinal cord, it rests directly on the brain and spinal cord
Pia mater
61
Fluid produced in the ventricles of the brain that flows in the subarachnoid space and bathes the meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
62
Large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord exits the brain
Foremen magnum
63
Numerous individual nerve roots that extend from the spinal cord at the level of the second lumbar vertebra
Cauda equina
64
The plexus of spinal nerves that innervates the shoulder and upper extremity
Brachial plexus C5 to T1
65
Cervical plexus consists of spinal nerves
C1 to C4
66
The brachial plexus consists of spinal nerves
C5 to T1
67
The lumbar plexus includes
L1 to L4
68
Sacral plexus includes
L4 to S4
69
The most important nerve of the cervical plexus
Phrenic nerve
70
The largest peripheral nerve in the body
Sciatic nerve
71
Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that release adrenaline when stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system
Adrenal glands
72
Adrenal glands are located on top of the
Kidneys
73
An enzyme that rapidly destroys acetylcholine once it has reached the target tissue
Acetycholinesterase
74
SLUDGE
``` Salvation Lacrimation Urination Defecation Gastrointestinal upset Emesis ``` If M Miosis Muscle spasm
75
Part of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the bodies response to shock and stress.
Sympathetic pathway
76
The part of the autonomic nervous system that relaxes the body
Parasympathetic nervous system
77
Nervous tissue that helps the myelin sheath around certain neurons
Schwann cells
78
The portion of the brain that is important in voluntary motor actions and personality traits
Frontal lobe
79
The portion of the brain that is the site for reception and evaluating of most sensory information except smell hearing and vision
Parietal lobe
80
Portion of the brain that is responsible for the processing of visual information
Occipital lobe
81
Portion of the brain that plays important role in hearing and memory
Temporal lobe

Anatomy (9 decks)

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