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Anatomy PQ's (Respiratory System) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic function of the respiratory system?
What are the additional functions?

A
  • Gas Exchange
  • Warming, Filtering, and Mositening of inspired Air
  • Olfactory Perception
  • Phonation
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2
Q

Name 3 parts of the Cavum Larynges

A
  • Vestibulum Larynges
  • Glotties
  • Cavum Infraglotticum
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3
Q

Name in Latin
A) Paired Cartilage of Larynx
B) Openings between Cavum Pharyngis and Middle Ear

A

A) Cartilagines Arythenoideae
B) Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditvae

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4
Q

What makes the bony part of the Middle Nasal Cavity?

A
  • The second Endoturbinate (Endoturbinate II) - adjacent to the first
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5
Q

Explain the 1st Endoturbinate.
What does it form?

A
  • Longest, most dorsal turbinate
  • Extends furthest into the nasal cavity
  • Forms osseous base of dorsal nasal conchae (Concha Nasalis Dorsalis)
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6
Q

What does the Tuba Auditiva connect?

A
  • Middle Ear and Nasopharynx
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7
Q

Name in Latin the main parts of the lung which occupy the space known as Cupula Pleurae and the part which occupies the Recesses Costodiaphragmaticus

A
  • Apex Pulmonis
  • Margo Acutus
  • Accessory Lobe which occupies Recess space
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8
Q

Name the functional parts of the Nasal Cavity and underline the largest of them

A
  • Nasal Vestibulum ~> Vestibulum Nasi
  • Proper Nasal Cavity ~> Cavum Nasi Proprium (underlined)
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9
Q

Name in Latin the Rostral part of the Nasal Cavity lined by Stratified Squamous Epithelium

A
  • Vestibulum Nasi
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10
Q

Name in Latin the structures separating the Maxillary Sinus

A
  • Canalis Infraorbitalis
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11
Q

Name in English and Latin the structure which connects the dorsal and ventral portion of the Pharynx

A
  • Ostium Intrapharyngeum
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12
Q

Ostium Intrapharyngeum is formed by 2 mucosal folds, Name them in English and Latin

A
  • Free border of the Soft Palate
    ~> Arcus Veli Palatini
    ~> Arcus Palatopharyngeus Dexter st Sinister
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13
Q

Give the forms of the nostril in carnivores and small ruminants, cattle pigs, and horses

A
  • Planum Nasale - Nasal Plane (Carnivore/Small Ruminant)
  • Planum Nasolabiale - Nasolabiale Plane (Cattle)
  • Planum Rostrale - Rostrale Plane (Pig)
  • Almost unmodified skin (horse)
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14
Q

Name 2 Functional Regions of the Nasal Cavity

A
  • Regio Olfactoria
  • Regio Respiratoria
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15
Q

Specify Organs located in the Mediastinum Craniale

A
  • Trachea
  • Esophagus
  • Thymus Gland
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16
Q

What notch in the Thyroid is important during surgery in Roaring Horses?

A
  • Caudal Thyroid Notch (Incisura Throidea Caudalis)
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17
Q

Name in Latin, lobe of the right lung which surrounds Vena Cava Caudalis

A
  • Accessory Lobe (Lobus Accessorius Pulmonis Dextri)
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18
Q

Name the Larynx Cartilages and which
A) Forms the floor of the Larynx
B) Forms the caudal end of the Larynx

A
  • Epiglottic Cartilage
  • Thyroid Cartilage
  • Arytenoid Cartilage
  • Cricoid Cartilage

A) Thyroid Cartilage
B) Cricoid Cartilage

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19
Q

Name the parts of the Nasal Septum

A
  • Osseous Part ~> Perpendicular part of the Ethmoid Bone
  • Cartilaginous Part
  • Mucosal Part
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20
Q

Name in Latin, Tonsils which are visible during clinical examination of the throat of the dog

A
  • Tonsilla Palatina
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21
Q

Name all the Bones that give the framework of the nose

A
  • Frontal
  • Nasal
  • Maxilla
  • Incisive
  • Vomer
  • Palatine
  • Ethmoid bone
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22
Q

In the Pig, name the disc-like movable part of the muzzle

A
  • Rostrum or Snout
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23
Q

Name the Nasal Cartilages

A
  • Dorsal Lateral Nasal Cartilage
  • Ventral Lateral Nasal Cartilage
  • Alar Nasal Cartilage
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24
Q

Name the Nasal Cartilage lacking in the Horse

A
  • Ventral Lateral Nasal Cartilage
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25
Q

Name the Cartilage only present in the Horse

A
  • Alar Cartilage
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26
Q

What divides the Planum Nasi?

A
  • Philtrum
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27
Q

The entrance to the Lateral Laryngeal Ventricle is boarded by 2 mucosal folds, Name them in English and Latin

A
  • Vestibular Fold (Plica Vestibularis) - Rostrally
  • Vocal Fold (Plica Vocalis) - Caudally
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28
Q

Name the Structure in the Nasal Vestibule

A
  • Nasal Septum (Septum Nasi)
  • Skin-like Mucosa
  • Nasolacrimal Opening
  • Nasal Diverticulum - Horse
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29
Q

Name in Latin and English the Biggest Paranasal Sinus in the Horse

A
  • Maxillary Sinus (Sinus Maxillaris - Rostralis et Caudalis)
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30
Q

Name in Latin the opening between the Sinus and the Nasal cavity. Which Nasal Meatus does this open to?

A
  • Nasomaxillary Aperture (Apertura Nasomaxillaris)
  • Meatus Nasi Medius
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31
Q

The inlet to the Laryngeal Cavity is bounded by 2 structures located on the lateral sides, name these in English and Latin

A
  • Plica Aryepiglottis (Aryepiglottic Fold)
  • Cartilage Arytenoidea (Arytenoid Cartilage)
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32
Q

Name the most Rostral part of the larynx which protrudes into the oropharynx

A
  • Corona Laryngis
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33
Q

Name
A) Upper Respiratory Tract
B) Lower Respiratory Tract

A

A) - Nose
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Nasopharynx

B) - Larynx
- Trachea
- Lungs

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34
Q

Name the Processes of the Arytenoid Cartilage and underline the one that is directed toward the lumen of the Pharynx

A
  • Corniculate Process
  • Vocal Process (underlined)
  • Muscular Process
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35
Q

Name in Latin or English the Processes of the Arytenoid Cartilages and underline the one which is attached to the cartilage Cricoidea

A
  • Corniculate Process
  • Vocal Process
  • Muscular Process
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36
Q

In dogs, the Pharyngoesophageal junction is marked by a mucosal fold, name it in Latin

A
  • Annular Mucosal Boundary (Limen Pharyngo-esophageum)
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37
Q

Write in Latin the term which describes the entrances to the esophagus

A
  • Aditus Esophageus
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38
Q

Name the sites of gas exchange in Latin

A
  • Bronchuli Respiratorii
  • Ductuli Alveolaris
  • Sacculi Alveolaris
  • Alveoli Pulmonaris
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39
Q

Name in Latin and English Nerves which play Sensory and Motor Innervation of the Larynx

A
  • Cranial Laryngeal Nerve (n. Laryngeus Cranialis)
  • Caudal Laryngeal Nerve (n. Laryngeus Caudalis)
  • Recurrent Nerves (nn. Laryngei Recurrentes)
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40
Q

What is the Maxillary Sinus broken into in the horse?

A
  • Sinus Maxillaris Rostralis
  • Sinus Maxillaris Caudalis
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41
Q

Where is the Lateral Nasal Gand situated in the dog?

A
  • Within the Maxillary Recesses
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42
Q

Name the biggest Paranasal Sinus in
A) Horse
B) Cattle

A

A) Sinus Maxillaris
B) Sinus Frontalis

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43
Q

Where are the vessels supplying the lungs?
What Vessels do you find here?

A
  • Radix Pulmonis
  • Hilus Pulmonis
  • Pulmonary Artery and Vein
  • Bronchial Artery and Vein
  • Lymph Vessel
  • Nerves
44
Q

Name in Latin the Opening Connecting the Upper and Lower Portion of the Pharynx and the Mucosal Fold surrounding the Ostium Intrapharyngeum

A
  • Arcus Veli Palatini
  • Arcus Palatopharyngeus
45
Q

Name in English and Latin the Lobes of the Left Lung in the Dog

A
  • Cranial Lobe (Lobus Cranialis)
    ~> Divided into Pars Cranialis and Pars Caudalis
  • Caudal Lobe (Lobus Caudalis)
46
Q

Name the Mucosal Folds of the Dog

A
  • Plica Obliqua
  • Plicae Parallelae
47
Q

Name in Latin the Nerves which supply Sensory and Motor Innervation to the Larynx

A
  • N. Laryngis Cranialis ~> Sensory
  • N. Laryngis Caudalis ~> Motor
48
Q

What is the function of Plica Vocalis?

A
  • Vocalisation by the vibration of vocal folds during inspiration and expiration by vocal muscles and fast twitching of the diaphragm
49
Q

Name in Latin the Recess on the 2 sides of the epiglottis which serve as a channel for fluids

A
  • Recess Piriformis
50
Q

Name in Latin and English the pathway for air flow in the nasal cavity which communicates with the paranasal sinuses.

A
  • The Middle Nasal Meatus (Meatus Nasi Medius)
51
Q

What covers the Rostral opening of the Larynx during swallowing?

A
  • Epiglottis
52
Q

Name in Latin the biggest part of the pharynx located caudodorsal to the Soft Palate

A
  • Pars Nasalis Pharyngis
53
Q

Name in Latin paired openings which are located on lateral walls of the above chamber

A
  • Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditive
54
Q

Name in Latin mucosal folds which run rostroventrally from the nasal conchae to the Vestibulum Nasi

A
  • Basal Fold (Plica Basalis)
  • Plica Alaris
55
Q

Name precisely the space in the thoracic cavity where the Trachea is located

A
  • Mediastinum
56
Q

Name in English and Latin Triangular space between Vocal Folds

A
  • Rima Glottidis (Glottic Cleft)
57
Q

Which lobe in ruminants is ventilated by Bronchus Trachealis?

A
  • Right Cranial Lobe
58
Q

Write in Latin the name of the Tracheal Lumen Crest which is located on the Caudal side of its Bifurcation

A
  • Carina Tracheae
59
Q

What forms the base of the Dorsal Nasal Conchae?

A
  • The First Endoturbinate
60
Q

Name in Latin the Upper part of the Glottis

A
  • Pars Laryngea Pharyngis or Pars Intercartilaginea
61
Q

Name the structures where the Trachea divides Dichotomously

A
  • Trachea Bifurcation
62
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Respiratory passageways which is interposed between Bronchi Principles and Bronchi Segmentales

A
  • Bronchi Lobares
63
Q

Name the opening which connects the maxillary Sinus to the Nasal Cavity

A
  • Apertura Nasomaxillaris
64
Q

What covers the Outer Layer of the Trachea?

A
  • Tunica Adventitia ~ Cervical Part
  • Mediastinal Pleura ~ Thoracic Part
65
Q

What makes the Mucosa in the Trachea

A
  • Pseudostratified Ciliated Epithelium
  • Tracheal Mucous Glands
66
Q

How is the space between the Tracheal Rings branched?

A
  • M. Trachealis
67
Q

What constricts the Lumen of the Larynx?

A
  • Plica Vocalis
  • Plica Vestibularis
68
Q

What makes up the Vocal Fold of the Laryngeal Cavity?

A
  • Lig. Vocalis
  • M. Vocalis
  • Tunica Mucosa
69
Q

The intrapharyngeal opening is formed by 2 Mucosal folds, name them in Latin and English

A
  • Free Border of the Soft Palate (Arcus Veli Palatini)
  • Palatopharyngeal Arches (Arcus Palatopharyngeus)
70
Q

Name the openings of the Auditory Tube in the middle Ear and Pharynx

A
  • Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditivae
  • Ostium Tympanicum Tubae Auditivae
71
Q

Give 3 branches of the bronchi, beginning with the primary one

A
  • Bronchi Principles
  • Bronchi Lobares
  • Bronchi Segmentales
72
Q

Name 2 parts of the Glottis

A
  • Pars Intermembranacea
  • Pars Intercartilaginea
73
Q

What are the endings of the Nasal Conchaes?
Underline the one which contains the Lacrimal Duct

A
  • Plica Recta ~ Straight Fold
  • Plica Alaris ~ Alar Fold
  • Plica Basalis ~ Basal Fold (Underlined)
74
Q

Name the borders of the Lungs

A
  • Margo Costalis
  • Margo Dorsalis Seu Obtusus
  • Margo Ventralis and Basalis - Seu Acutus
  • Margo Mediastinalis
  • Margo Diaphragmatica
75
Q

Name 2 parts of Margo Acutus

A
  • Margo Ventralis
  • Margo Basalis
76
Q

Name in Latin the Main parts of the Pharynx

A
  • Nasopharynx - Pars Nasalis Pharyngis
  • Oropharynx - Pars Oralis Pharyngis
  • Laryngopharynx - Pars Laryngea Pharyngis
77
Q

Name in Latin and English the structures surrounding the entrance to the Larynx

A
  • Epiglottis
  • Plica Aryepiglottica
  • Cartilaginous Arytenoidea
78
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Lungs which is Ventilate by the Bronchus Segmentalis

A
  • Segmenta Bronchopulmonalia
79
Q

What is present on the floor of the Laryngeal Vestibule?

A
  • Recessus Laryngis Medianus
80
Q

How is the Nasal Plate in the dog kept moist?

A
  • Lateral Nasal Gland
81
Q

Name in Latin the opening between Sinus Maxillaris and Nasal Cavity

A
  • Apertura Nasomaxillaris
82
Q

Name paired openings between Nasal Cavity and Nasopharynx

83
Q

Name the openings between Oral Cavity and Oropharynx

A
  • Isthmus Faucium
84
Q

What makes up the Fibro-Cartilaginous Layer of the Trachea?
Underline the Dorsal one

A
  • Cartilagines Trachealis
  • Ligamenta Anularia
  • M. Trachealis (underlined)
85
Q

What is the Nose known as?

A
  • Rhin
  • Nasus
86
Q

What structure at the base of the Nasal Cavity is responsible for Smell?

A
  • Organum Vomernasale
87
Q

Name the crest at the tracheal Bifurcation

A
  • Carina Tracheae
88
Q

Name in Latin the Median Caudal Blind Sac formed by the Mucous Membrane of the Nasopharynx

A
  • Pharyngeal Diverticulum (Pig)
  • Pharyngeal Recess (Ungulates)
89
Q

Name in English the Triangular Space between Vocal Folds.
It consists of 2 structures, name them in Latin

A
  • Glottic Cleft (Rim Glottis)
  • Pars Intercartilaginea
  • Pars Intermembranacea
90
Q

What is the Orifice of the Nasolacrimal Duct located?

A
  • Ventral Nasal Meatus
91
Q

What Blood Vessels supply the Larynx?

A
  • Cranial Thyroid Artery
92
Q

How is the Rostrum/Snout supported?

A
  • By the Rostral Bone Covered by Modified Skin
93
Q

In the Dog, the Pharyngoesophageal junction is marked by a Mucosal Fold.
Name it in Latin

A
  • Annular Mucosal Boundary (Limen Pharyngo-Esophageum)
94
Q

Write the Latin term which describes the entrance to the Esophagus

A
  • Aditus Esophageus
95
Q

Name in Latin the part of the Pharynx extending Dorsally to the Soft Palate

A
  • Pars Nasalis Pharyngis
96
Q

Name in Latin the opening which connects Maxillary Sinus and the Nasal Cavity.
Which Nasal Meatus does it open to?

A
  • Apertura Nasomaxillaris
  • Meatus Nasi Medius
97
Q

Name the pathway for airflow (situated inside the Nasal Cavity) which communicates with the Paranasal sinuses

A
  • Middle Nasal Meatus (Meatus Nasi Medius)
98
Q

Which animals have Sinus Lacrimalis?
Which animals have Recessus Lacrimalis?

A
  • Pig, Ruminantes
  • Dog
99
Q

Name in English and Latin the Fluid filled Cleft between the Visceral and Parietal Pleura

A
  • Pleural Cavity (Cavum Pleurae)
100
Q

Name the Blind Sac extending in the Horse Nostril.
What is another name for this?

A
  • Nasal Diverticulum
  • False Nostril
101
Q

Pleura Parietalis is divided into 3 main parts.
Name them in English and in Latin

A
  • Costal Pleura (Pleura Costalis)
  • Mediastinal Pleura (Pleura Mediastinalis)
  • Diaphragmatic Pleura (Pleura Diaphragmatica)
  • (Pleura Pericardiaca)
102
Q

Name the Nasal Meatus

A
  • Dorsal Nasal Meatus
  • Middle Nasal Meatus
  • Ventral Nasal Meatus
  • Common Nasal Meatus
103
Q

Name in Latin the Largest Meatus in the Nasal Cavity

A
  • Meatus Nasi Ventralis
104
Q

Name the Conchae which originate(s) from Labyrinthus Ethmoidalis

A
  • Concha Nasalis Dorsalis
  • Concha Nasalis Medius
105
Q

Name 2 parts of the Rima Epiglottitis

A
  • Pars Cartilaginea
  • Pars Intermembranacea

Anatomy SGGW (14 decks)

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