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Alevel PE > Anatomy & Physiology - Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology - Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What is flexion:

A
  • Decreasing the angle at the joint
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2
Q

What is extension:

A
  • Increasing the angle at the joint
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3
Q

What is plantar-flexion:

A
  • Pointing your toes (downwards)
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4
Q

What is dross-flexion:

A
  • Flexing your toes (upwards)
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5
Q

What is Adduction:

A
  • The movement towards the midline of the body
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6
Q

What is Abduction:

A
  • The movement away from the midline of the body
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7
Q

What is Horizontal Abduction:

A
  • The movement away from the body with limbs parallel to the ground
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8
Q

What is Horizontal Adduction:

A
  • The movement towards the body with limbs parallel to the ground
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9
Q

What is the plane & Axis for Abduction & Adduction:

A

Plane - Frontal

Axis - Sagital

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10
Q

What is the plane & Axis for Flexion & Extension:

A

Plane - Sagital

Axis - Transvers

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11
Q

What is the Plane & Axis for Horizontal Abduction & Adduction:

A

Plane - Transvers

Axis - Longitudonal

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12
Q

What are the articulating bones at the Shoulder:

A
  • Humorous
  • Clavical
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13
Q

What are the articulating bones at the Elbow:

A
  • Humerus
  • Radius
  • Ulna
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14
Q

What are the articulating bones at the Hip:

A
  • Femur
  • Pelvis
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15
Q

What are the articulating bones at the Knee:

A
  • Femur
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
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16
Q

What are the articulating bones at the Ankle:

A
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Talus
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17
Q

What are the muscles used at a Shoulder joint:

A
  • Deltoid
  • Pectoralis major
  • Latissimus Dorsi
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18
Q

What are the muscles used at a Elbow joint:

A
  • Biceps
  • Triceps
19
Q

What are the muscles used at a Hip joint:

A
  • Hip flexor
  • Gluteus maximus
20
Q

What are the muscles used at a Knee joint:

A
  • Quadriceps
  • Hamstrings
21
Q

What are the muscles used at a Ankle joint:

A
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
22
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Elbow occurs:

A

Agonist - Biceps

Antagonist - Triceps

23
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extensions at the Elbow occurs:

A

Agonist - Triceps

Antagonist - Biceps

24
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Plantar-flexion at the Ankle occurs:

A

Agonist - Gastrocenmius

Antagonist - Tibialis anterior

25
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Doris-flexion at the Ankle occurs:

A

Agonist - Tibialis anterior

Antagonist - Gastrocenmius

26
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Knee occurs:

A

Agonist - Hamstrings

Antagonist - Quadriceps

27
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension at the Knee occurs:

A

Agonist - Quadriceps

Antagonist - Hamstrings

28
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Hip flexor

Antagonist - Gluteus maximus

29
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension/hyperextension at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Gluteus maximus

Antagonist - Hip flexor

30
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Adduction at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Adductor

Antagonist - Gluteus medius

31
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Abduction at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Gluteus medius

Antagonist - Adductor

32
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal adduction at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Adductors

Antagonist - Gluteus medius

33
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal abduction at the Hip occurs:

A

Agonist - Gluteus medius

Antagonist - Adductors

34
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Flexion at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Deltoid

Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

35
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Extension/hyperextension at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi

Antagonist - Deltoid

36
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal Abduction at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi

Antagonist - Pectorals

37
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Horizontal Adduction at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Pectorals

Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

38
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Adduction at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Latissimus dorsi

Antagonist - Deltoid

39
Q

What is the agonist & antagonist when Abduction at the Shoulder occurs:

A

Agonist - Deltoid

Antagonist - Latissimus dorsi

40
Q

What are the 4 types of muscular contraction:

A

1) Isotonic contraction

2) Concentric contraction

3) Eccentric contraction

4) Isometric contraction

41
Q

What is a Isotonic contraction:

A
  • Describes a change in the muscular length caused by movement (split into 2 types of contraction- concentric & eccentric)
42
Q

What is a concentric contraction:

A
  • The muscles become shorter as it undergoes contraction/tension
43
Q

What is a Eccentric contraction:

A
  • The muscle lengthens under tension and acts like a break
44
Q

What is a Isometric contraction:

A
  • Opposite of Isotonic contraction as there is NO movement or change in muscle length as it undergoes contraction

Alevel PE (9 decks)

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