Anatomy- Parotid Gland

Question 1

Facial nerve weakness is caused by?

Answer 1

Parotid malignancy

Question 2

State the arterial supply of the parotid gland?

Answer 2

External carotid artery

Question 3

State the nerve and lymph supply of the parotid gland.

Answer 3

Nerve - auriculotemporal nerve
Lymph supply- superficial and deep parotid lymph nodes.

Question 4

State the development of the parotid gland.

Answer 4

Ectoderm

Question 5

State the method for the drainage of a parotid abscess

Answer 5

Hilton’s method - a blunt horizontal incision in the parotid capsule, parallel to the branches of the facial nerve.

Question 6

Name the condition that refers to the damage of the auriculotemporal and great auricular nerve.

Answer 6

Frey’s syndrome.

Question 7

State the functions of the submandibular salivary gland.

Answer 7

Maintain oral and dental hygiene
Prepares food for mastication, taste and deglutition
Begins carbohydrate digestion with amylase.

Question 8

List the condition due to the obstruction of the sublingual glands.

Answer 8

Ranula - swelling in the floor of the mouth

Question 9

State the arterial supply of the submandibular salivary gland.

Answer 9

Branches of facial and lingual arteries

Question 10

What structure separates the tongue into oral and pharyngeal parts?

Answer 10

Sulcus terminalis

Question 11

State the three kinds of papillae on the tongue.

Answer 11

Vallate (circumvallate papilla - taste buds)
Fungiform
Filiform

Question 12

State the two kind of muscle of the tongue.

Answer 12

Intrinsic - by contraction they change the shape of the tongue
Extrinsic - by contraction they change the position of the tongue

Note: Rehearse examples of each muscle.

Question 13

State the functions of the different extrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Answer 13

Genioglossus- retract the tip and protrude the tongue
Hyoglossus- depresses the tongue and helps tracts the protruded tongue.
Styloglossus - pulls the tongue upwards and backwards during swallowing.
Palatoglossus - pulls the root of the tongue

Question 14

State the arterial supply of the tongue.

Answer 14

Lingual artery, branch of ECA.

Question 15

State the motor and sensory nerve supply of the tongue

Answer 15

Motor:
Extrinsic and intrinsic - Hypoglossal (XII) nerve.
Palatoglossus — cranial accessory via pharyngeal plexus..

Sensory:
Anterior 2/3 - lingual nerve and chorda tympani
Posterior 1/3 - Nerve IX

Question 16

State the development of the tongue.

Answer 16

1. Anterior 2/3 - 2 lingual swelling and 1 tuberculum impar
2. Posterior 1/3 - hypo bronchial eminence
3. Posterior most part- 4th arch