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J ENT > ANATOMY - oral cavity, pharynx, larynx > Flashcards

ANATOMY - oral cavity, pharynx, larynx Flashcards

1
Q

what is the border round the lips called

A

vermillion border

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2
Q

what are the holes at the front of the hard palate called

A

incisive foramen

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3
Q

bones of hard palate (3)

A

palatine process of maxilla
palatine bones
pterygoid plates of sphenoid bones

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4
Q

what is the ‘hook’ at the back of the hard palate

A

pterygoid hamulus

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5
Q

there are 2 arches at the sides of the soft palate, what is the first/anterior one made of

A

palatoglossus muscle (tongue muscle)

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6
Q

there are 2 arches at the sides of the soft palate, what is the second/posterior one made of

A

palatopharyngeus muscle

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7
Q

there are 2 arches in the soft palate made from palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus, what is in between them

A

palatine tonsil

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8
Q

asking a patient to say ‘ahhh’ tests which 2 nerves

what do these nerves supply

a deviated uvula suggests

A

CN V3 and CNX

the soft palate

nerves aren’t working on the opposite side to where the uvula goes (bc the soft palate is pulled up)

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9
Q

what are the 2 openings at the top of the soft palate, posterior to nasal cavity called

A

choana

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10
Q

where does lymph form the hard and soft palate drain

A

retropharyngeal nodes

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11
Q

where does lymph from the palatine tonsil drain

A

jugulodigastric nodes

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12
Q

where does lymph from the tip of the tongue drain

A

submental nodes

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13
Q

where does lymph from most of tongue drain

A

submandibular nodes or straight to deep cervical

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14
Q

what is the ‘tie’ from the ventral surface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth called

A

frenulum

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15
Q

which papillae doesnt have taste buds

where are they

what do they do

A

filiform

on the tip of your tongue

for touch, temp etc

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16
Q

how long is the life of a taste receptor cell (taste ‘bud’)

A

10 days

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17
Q

blood supply to the tongue

A

lingual branch of external carotid

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18
Q

superior half of oral cavity sensory supply

think about it

A

CN V2

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19
Q

inferior half of oral cavity sensory supply

think about it

A

CN V3

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20
Q

which cranial foramina does CN V2 go through

A

foramen rotundum

some Random hole = V1, V2, V3

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21
Q

which cranial fossa does CN V3 go through

A

foramen ovale

some random hOle = V1, V2, V3

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22
Q

which cranial fossa does CN V1 go through

A

superior orbital fissure

Some random hole = V1, V2, V3

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23
Q

which cranial fossa does CN VII facial nerve go through

A

internal acoustic meatus

with CN VIII vestibulocochlear

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24
Q

which cranial fossa does CN IX glossopharyngeal go through

A

jugular foramen

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25
Q

nerve supply of Eustachian tube

A

CN IX

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26
Q

nerve supply of parotid salivary gland

A

CN IX

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27
Q

is the parotid gland normally palpable

A

no

only if infected

28
Q

where do the parotid salivary glands drain

A

opposite second maxillary molar at parotid papilla

29
Q

nerve supply of submandibular gland

A

CN VII chorda tympani branch

30
Q

is the submandibular gland normally palpable

A

yes

31
Q

where does the submandibular gland drain

A

sublingual caruncula under tongue

32
Q

nerve supply of sublingual gland

A

CN VII chorda tympani branch

33
Q

where does the sublingual gland drain

A

sublingual caruncula under the tongue???

34
Q

how do you test CN XII hypoglossal

how do you tell which side the damage is on

think about it

A

ask patient to stick tongue out and see if it deviates

tongue will deviated to damaged side

35
Q

cranial foramen of CN XII hypoglossal

A

hypoglossal canal

36
Q

where does CN XII travel to get from the hypoglossal canal in the skull to get to the tongue (what it supplies)

A

lateral to carotid sheath

37
Q

what is the name of the ring of tonsils that defend against invading pathogens from entering GI and resp tracts

A

waldeyers tonsillar ring

38
Q

where are the pharyngeal/adenoid tonsils

A

roof of nasopharynx

39
Q

where is the tubal tonsil

A

opening of the Eustachian tube

40
Q

where is the lingual tonsil

A

posterior 1/3 of tongue

41
Q

where is the palatine tonsil

A

between the anterior (palatoglossus muscle) and posterior (palatopharyngeus muscle) arches of the soft palate

42
Q

where do the circular muscles of the join

what do they do

what is their nerves supply

A

midline raphe

constriction of pharynx, used in peristalsis

CN X

43
Q

what are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx (underneath the circular constriction ones)

what are their nerves supplies

A

stylopharyngeus CN IX
palatopharyngeus CN X
salpingopharyngeus CN x

44
Q

what is the recess called that is around the laryngeal inlet/laryngopharynx

what shape is it

A

piriform recess

pear shaped

45
Q

what vertebral level is the larynx at

A

C4-6

46
Q

which muscle attaches the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the temporal bone

A

stylohyoid muscle

47
Q

which strap muscle does the hyoid attach to the mandible via

A

myohyoid muscle

48
Q

what is the area between the epiglottis and the tongue called

A

vallecula

49
Q

what are the 2 horns of the thyroid cartilage

A

superior and inferior (on both sides)

50
Q

what which level is the thyroid cartilage at

A

C4

51
Q

what is the thing that attaches superiorly to the cricoid cartilage

A

arytenoid cartilages

52
Q

what is the thing that attaches inferiorly to (though actually sits on top of) the cricoid cartilage

A

thyroid cartilage

53
Q

what is the only thing in the larynx that is a full circle (can identify on CT)

A

cricoid cartilage

54
Q

at which vertebral level is the cricothyroid at

A

C6

55
Q

what are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles supplied by

A

CN X

56
Q

what are the 4 sets of intrinsic laryngeal muscles

A

arytenoid (3)
lateral cricoarytenoid (2)posterior cricoarytenoid (2)
thyroarytenoid (2)

57
Q

which 2 intrinsic laryngeal muscles are responsible for closing the cords

what change in voice does this result in

A 
arytenoid muscles (3)
lateral cricoarytenoid (2)

quiet voice

58
Q

which 2 intrinsic laryngeal muscles are responsible for opening the cords

what change in voice does this result in

A

posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

loud voice in forced expiration

59
Q

which intrinsic laryngeal muscle causes the vocal cords to relax when contracted

what change in voice does this result in

A

thyroarytenoid muscle (2)

decreased pitch

60
Q

what is the space between the true vocal cords called

A

rima glottides

61
Q

which sounds does the nose make (3)

A

‘m’, ‘n’ and ‘ing’

62
Q

after laryngectomy when learning how to speak again, where will the surgeon make the trachea-oesophageal puncture

A

cricopharyngeal sphincter

63
Q

where do supraglottic tumours drain their lymph to

A

superior deep cervical lymph nodes

64
Q

how does a glottic tumour present

A

voice changes (bc at the vocal cords)

65
Q

where do subglottic tumours drain their lymph to

A

paratracheal lymph nodes

J ENT (11 decks)

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