ANATOMY - oral cavity, pharynx, larynx

Question 1

what is the border round the lips called

Answer 1

vermillion border

Question 2

what are the holes at the front of the hard palate called

Answer 2

incisive foramen

Question 3

bones of hard palate (3)

Answer 3

palatine process of maxilla
palatine bones
pterygoid plates of sphenoid bones

Question 4

what is the ‘hook’ at the back of the hard palate

Answer 4

pterygoid hamulus

Question 5

there are 2 arches at the sides of the soft palate, what is the first/anterior one made of

Answer 5

palatoglossus muscle (tongue muscle)

Question 6

there are 2 arches at the sides of the soft palate, what is the second/posterior one made of

Answer 6

palatopharyngeus muscle

Question 7

there are 2 arches in the soft palate made from palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus, what is in between them

Answer 7

palatine tonsil

Question 8

asking a patient to say ‘ahhh’ tests which 2 nerves

what do these nerves supply

a deviated uvula suggests

Answer 8

CN V3 and CNX

the soft palate

nerves aren’t working on the opposite side to where the uvula goes (bc the soft palate is pulled up)

Question 9

what are the 2 openings at the top of the soft palate, posterior to nasal cavity called

Answer 9

choana

Question 10

where does lymph form the hard and soft palate drain

Answer 10

retropharyngeal nodes

Question 11

where does lymph from the palatine tonsil drain

Answer 11

jugulodigastric nodes

Question 12

where does lymph from the tip of the tongue drain

Answer 12

submental nodes

Question 13

where does lymph from most of tongue drain

Answer 13

submandibular nodes or straight to deep cervical

Question 14

what is the ‘tie’ from the ventral surface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth called

Answer 14

frenulum

Question 15

which papillae doesnt have taste buds

where are they

what do they do

Answer 15

filiform

on the tip of your tongue

for touch, temp etc

Question 16

how long is the life of a taste receptor cell (taste ‘bud’)

Answer 16

10 days

Question 17

blood supply to the tongue

Answer 17

lingual branch of external carotid

Question 18

superior half of oral cavity sensory supply

think about it

Answer 18

CN V2

Question 19

inferior half of oral cavity sensory supply

think about it

Answer 19

CN V3

Question 20

which cranial foramina does CN V2 go through

Answer 20

foramen rotundum

some Random hole = V1, V2, V3

Question 21

which cranial fossa does CN V3 go through

Answer 21

foramen ovale

some random hOle = V1, V2, V3

Question 22

which cranial fossa does CN V1 go through

Answer 22

superior orbital fissure

Some random hole = V1, V2, V3

Question 23

which cranial fossa does CN VII facial nerve go through

Answer 23

internal acoustic meatus

with CN VIII vestibulocochlear

Question 24

which cranial fossa does CN IX glossopharyngeal go through

Answer 24

jugular foramen

Question 25

nerve supply of Eustachian tube

Answer 25

CN IX

Question 26

nerve supply of parotid salivary gland

Answer 26

CN IX

Question 27

is the parotid gland normally palpable

Answer 27

no only if infected

Question 28

where do the parotid salivary glands drain

Answer 28

opposite second maxillary molar at parotid papilla

Question 29

nerve supply of submandibular gland

Answer 29

CN VII chorda tympani branch

Question 30

is the submandibular gland normally palpable

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

where does the submandibular gland drain

Answer 31

sublingual caruncula under tongue

Question 32

nerve supply of sublingual gland

Answer 32

CN VII chorda tympani branch

Question 33

where does the sublingual gland drain

Answer 33

sublingual caruncula under the tongue???

Question 34

how do you test CN XII hypoglossal how do you tell which side the damage is on think about it

Answer 34

ask patient to stick tongue out and see if it deviates tongue will deviated to damaged side

Question 35

cranial foramen of CN XII hypoglossal

Answer 35

hypoglossal canal

Question 36

where does CN XII travel to get from the hypoglossal canal in the skull to get to the tongue (what it supplies)

Answer 36

lateral to carotid sheath

Question 37

what is the name of the ring of tonsils that defend against invading pathogens from entering GI and resp tracts

Answer 37

waldeyers tonsillar ring

Question 38

where are the pharyngeal/adenoid tonsils

Answer 38

roof of nasopharynx

Question 39

where is the tubal tonsil

Answer 39

opening of the Eustachian tube

Question 40

where is the lingual tonsil

Answer 40

posterior 1/3 of tongue

Question 41

where is the palatine tonsil

Answer 41

between the anterior (palatoglossus muscle) and posterior (palatopharyngeus muscle) arches of the soft palate

Question 42

where do the circular muscles of the join what do they do what is their nerves supply

Answer 42

midline raphe constriction of pharynx, used in peristalsis CN X

Question 43

what are the 3 longitudinal muscles of the pharynx (underneath the circular constriction ones) what are their nerves supplies

Answer 43

stylopharyngeus CN IX palatopharyngeus CN X salpingopharyngeus CN x

Question 44

what is the recess called that is around the laryngeal inlet/laryngopharynx what shape is it

Answer 44

piriform recess pear shaped

Question 45

what vertebral level is the larynx at

Answer 45

C4-6

Question 46

which muscle attaches the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the temporal bone

Answer 46

stylohyoid muscle

Question 47

which strap muscle does the hyoid attach to the mandible via

Answer 47

myohyoid muscle

Question 48

what is the area between the epiglottis and the tongue called

Answer 48

vallecula

Question 49

what are the 2 horns of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 49

superior and inferior (on both sides)

Question 50

what which level is the thyroid cartilage at

Answer 50

C4

Question 51

what is the thing that attaches superiorly to the cricoid cartilage

Answer 51

arytenoid cartilages

Question 52

what is the thing that attaches inferiorly to (though actually sits on top of) the cricoid cartilage

Answer 52

thyroid cartilage

Question 53

what is the only thing in the larynx that is a full circle (can identify on CT)

Answer 53

cricoid cartilage

Question 54

at which vertebral level is the cricothyroid at

Answer 54

C6

Question 55

what are the intrinsic laryngeal muscles supplied by

Answer 55

CN X

Question 56

what are the 4 sets of intrinsic laryngeal muscles

Answer 56

arytenoid (3) lateral cricoarytenoid (2)posterior cricoarytenoid (2) thyroarytenoid (2)

Question 57

which 2 intrinsic laryngeal muscles are responsible for closing the cords what change in voice does this result in

Answer 57

``` arytenoid muscles (3) lateral cricoarytenoid (2) ``` quiet voice

Question 58

which 2 intrinsic laryngeal muscles are responsible for opening the cords what change in voice does this result in

Answer 58

posterior cricoarytenoid muscles loud voice in forced expiration

Question 59

which intrinsic laryngeal muscle causes the vocal cords to relax when contracted what change in voice does this result in

Answer 59

thyroarytenoid muscle (2) decreased pitch

Question 60

what is the space between the true vocal cords called

Answer 60

rima glottides

Question 61

which sounds does the nose make (3)

Answer 61

'm', 'n' and 'ing'

Question 62

after laryngectomy when learning how to speak again, where will the surgeon make the trachea-oesophageal puncture

Answer 62

cricopharyngeal sphincter

Question 63

where do supraglottic tumours drain their lymph to

Answer 63

superior deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 64

how does a glottic tumour present

Answer 64

voice changes (bc at the vocal cords)

Question 65

where do subglottic tumours drain their lymph to

Answer 65

paratracheal lymph nodes