Anatomy Of Vessels Of Thorax

Question 1

Mention tributaries if brachiocephalic veins

Answer 1

1-inferior thyroid 
2-vertebral v. 
3-internal thoracic v.
4-1st post intercostal
5- lt brachiocephalic: lt suprior intercostal
6- thoracic duct or rt lymph duct

Question 2

Mention tributaries of SVC

Answer 2

1-Azygos v

2-Mediastinal , Os. & pericardial viens

Question 3

Mention level at which IVC terminates in Rt atrium

Answer 3

6th rt. c.c

Question 4

Mention beginning and termination of brachiocephlic veins

Answer 4

B: union of internal jugular and subclavian veins behind the corresponding sternoclavicular joint.
T: the 2 veins unite behind the lower border of 1st right costal cartilage close to sternum

Question 5

Mention beginning and termination of SVC

Answer 5

B: union of brachiocephalic veins at level of 1st right cc
T: opens in right atrium behind 3rd right cc close to sternum

Question 6

Mention beginning and termination of azygos vein

Answer 6

B: from back of IVC at level of L2
T: arches above rt lung to join back of SVC

Question 7

Mention tributaries of azygos vein

Answer 7

1-rt superior intercostal v. 
2- rt post. I.Vs 4-11
3- subcostal v.
4- ascending lumbar vien
5- sup. & inf. Hemiazygos vs 
6- rt bronchial viens

Question 8

Mention beginning and termination of hemiazygos vein

Answer 8

B: from back of left renal vein or by union of left subcostal & lf ascending lumber
T: crosses at level of T8 to end in azygos vein

Question 9

Mention tributaries of hemiazygos vein

Answer 9

1-lt post. I.Vs 4-8

2- mediastinal, Os. & pericardial viens

Question 10

Mention tributaries of accessory hemiazygos vein

Answer 10

1-lt post. I.Vs 9-11
2-lt subcostal v
3- lt ascending lumbar v.

Question 11

Describe course of pulmonary trunk

Answer 11

Arises from infundibulum of right ventricle at pulmonary orifice
Passes upwards, backwards & to the left.
At first, it lies anterior to ascending aorta. Then it becomes on left side of ascending aorta.
End the level of the intervertebral disc between vertebrae T5 and T6, opposite left 3 rd CC

Question 12

Describe relation of right and left pulmonary arteries

Answer 12

R: Passes to the right side behind ascending aorta and superior vena cava to enter the right lung.
L: Passes to the left side below the arch of the aorta and anterior to descending thoracic aorta to enter the left lung.

Question 13

Mention beginning and termination of ascending aorta

Answer 13

Begins : at aortic orifice at base of left ventricle

Ends : right 2nd costal cartilage by forming arch of aorta.

Question 14

Mention branches of ascending aorta

Answer 14

1. Right coronary artery
   sinus arise from anterior aortic
2. Left coronary artery
   arise from left posterior aortic sinus

Question 15

Describe sup & inf relations of arch of aorta

Answer 15

Superior
Its 3 branches crossed by Lt brachiocephalic vein
Inferior
Lt main bronchus
Bifurcation of pulmonary trunk +Lt pulmonary art
Ligamentum arteriosum
Lt recurrent laryngeal n

Question 16

Describe origin & termination of arch of aorta

Answer 16

Origin : begins as continuation of ascending aorta at right 2nd CC
Ends: at lower border of T4 by forming descending thoracic aorta.

Question 17

Mention ant & post relations of arch of aorta

Answer 17

Post & Rt
Trachea Oesophagus
Lt recurrent laryngeal n (inbetween) Thoracic duct
Ant & Lt
Lt pleura & lung

Question 18

Mention the variable branch of arch of aorta which may arise from one of its branches & what does it supply

Answer 18

Thyroid ima art

Supply isthmus of thyroid

Question 19

Brachiocephalic artery ends at level of ….

Answer 19

Right sternoclavicular joint

Question 20

Vessel separating tranchea & lt lung

Answer 20

Left common carotid

Question 21

How does left subclavian art end?

Answer 21

Ends at outer border of 1st rib by forming axillary artery which is the main artery supplying left upper limb.

Question 22

Describe extension of descending thoracic aorta

Answer 22

Begins :
at lower border of T4 as a continuation of arch of aorta.
Ends :
at lower border of T12 where it passes through aortic opening of diaphragm to become abdominal aorta.

Question 23

Describe relation of des aorta to vertebral column

Answer 23

At its origin, it lies on the left side of the vertebral column.
As it descends into the posterior medastinum, it becomes anterior to the lower thoracic vertebral bodies.

Question 24

Mention branches of descending aorta

Answer 24

1. Pericardial branches.
2. Bronchial arteries ( to lungs).
3. Oesophageal branches.
4. Mediastinal branches.
5. Posterior intercostal (from 3rd till 11th on both sides).
6. Subcostal arteries
7. Superior phrenic artery→to upper surface of diaphragm.

Question 25

Mention the clinical cardinal sign of contraction of aorta

Answer 25

Clinically, the cardinal sign of aortic coarctation is absent or diminished pulses in the femoral arteries of both lower limbs.

Question 26

Define aortic aneurysm

Answer 26

is an enlargement (dilatation) of the aorta to greater than 1.5 times normal size.