Anatomy of Venous Ulceration Flashcards
is the inguinal region/groin a region of the lower limb or abdomen?
lower limb
describe arterial supply to upper limb
subclavian > becomes axillary > becomes brachial (+ deep brachial) > becomes radial and ulnar at level of elbow) > superficial and deep palmar arches > metacarpal and digital arteries (end arteries)
what are end arteries?
the only blood supple to a given area of the body (no collaterals)
e.g - digital arteries
describe the arterial supply to the lower limb
external iliac > becomes femoral artery (and deep femoral) > becomes popliteal artery behind knee > becomes anterior and posterior tibial arteries below knee > becomes dorsalis pedis, medial and lateral plantar arteries, arcuate artery and metatarsal and digital arteries
what are the perforating arteries?
branch off from deep femoral vein to supply the back of the thigh
where is neck pulse?
anterior to sternocleidomastoid at level of upper border of thyroid cartilage
what are the 2 reasons for ischaemia?
reduced arterial perfusion pressure
increased venous drainage pressure (DVT, external compression etc)
give 4 differences between superficial and deep veins
superficial = small and thin, deep = large and thick superficial = in superficial fascia, deep = run deep to deep fascia in muscular compartments superficial = very variable, deep = more predictable superficial = drain into deep veins, deep = in NVBs
what is superficial fascia and whats contained within it?
subcutaneous tissue
contains loose connective tissue, fat, superficial vessels, cutaneous nerves, lymphatics and sweat glands
describe deep fascia
tough, sheet like dense connective tissue
white appearence
what does deep fascia do?
covers body deep to skin and superficial fascia and divides limbs into compartments (intramuscular septa)
name deep fascia in upper limb
pectoral
deltoid
brachial
antebrachial
name the deep fascia of the lower limb
fascia lata (thigh) iliotibial (lateral thigh) crural fascia (leg)
describe the course of the cephalic vein
arises from lateral dorsal venous arch in hand, continues along lateral limb into deltopectoral groove and drains into axillary
describe the course of the basilic vein
arises from medial dorsal venous arch and continues up medial limb and drains into brachial veins