Anatomy Of The Urinary System Flashcards
Swelling of the kidney parenchyma could lead to…
Necrosis
What structures enter and leave the kidney at the hilus?
Renal artery, vein and ureter
Urine moves passively through the ureters to the bladder- true or false?
False- urine is actively milked by peristalsis along the ureters
The renal arteries arise directly from the abdominal aorta- true or false?
True
The renal veins drain directly into the caudal vena cava- true or false?
True
Feline kidney is quite distinctive because of…
sub-capsular veins which run towards the hilus
From which branches of the renal artery do the Arcuate blood vessels at the corticomedullary junction arise? (In the feline)
Interlobar arteries
The renal crest is where the urine drips from the papillary ducts to enter the renal pelvis. Do all species have a renal crest?
No this is a feature of the dog/sheep kidney where the papillary ducts converge. The situation in the horse kidney is complex but suffice to say the term renal crest is described.
Once the urine enters the renal pelvis and exits the kidneys it will remain unchanged until it is voided- true or false?
True- no further modification of the urine takes place after it leaves the kidney
Difference between a canine and sheep kidney
Sheep is larger in size
Positions and features of sheep kidney
right kidney is slightly more cranial than the left. The left kidney tends to be more pendulous, and the forestomach may push the left kidney to the right as far as the median plane or beyond, particularly when the rumen is full.
Why do you think the medulla is paler than the cortex in a sheep kidney?
Blood entering kidney is directed to cortex – where it forms a fine perfuse network –remember this is where blood is filtered - there are fewer blood vessels in the medulla in comparison.
How many renal lobes commonly found in bovine kidney
12-18
What shape is equine kidney?
Left- pyramidal shaped
Right- heart shaped
Equine kidneys weigh about ___g each and are both _____________ flattened
-unilobar or multilobar?
700
-unilobar
What do cells of equine renal pelvis secrete? This gives urine what appearance?
Mucin
Stringy cloudy appearance
Which 2 terminal recesses does the equine renal pelvis contain?
- cranial terminal recess
- caudal terminal recess
The kidneys are _____________ flattened. The renal pelvis opens into quite a large space of two _______ _________ from which bud about 10 ________ ________. These attach to one _______ _______ each. The kidneys have a _______ cortical surface.
- Dorsoventrally
- Major calyces
- Minor calyces
- Renal papilla
- Smooth
True or false, internally the medullary pyramids are still evident in the porcine kidney.
True
2 ways in which the ureters structurally adapted to perform their function.
Transitional epithelium; Smooth muscle enables the flow of urine to be directed towards the bladder
Is it safe to cut through the medial ligament in urinary system during surgery?
Oui
What kind of epithelium lines the renal pelvis? Do all species have a renal pelvis?
Transitional epithelium or urothelium. Unilobar kidneys have a renal pelvis, in the pig the renal pelvis equivalent equates to where the calyces collectively fuse to continue as the ureter.
What type of tissue fills the renal sinus?
Fat, adipose tissue
The lateral ligaments of the bladder exist.
Question: What important structure(s) are found running in the cranial margin of these ligaments?
Umbilical arteries
