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A Forensic Anatomy > Anatomy of the skull (the neurocranium) > Flashcards

Anatomy of the skull (the neurocranium) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the skull spilt into?

A

The viscerocranium and the neurocranium

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2
Q

What bones make up the neurocranium?

A

8 bones:

  • Frontal
  • Parietal x2
  • Temporal x2
  • Occipital
  • Sphenoid
  • Erythmoid
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3
Q

What sutures does the frontal bone form? With which bones?

A

Coronal suture (Formed with the parietal bones)

Frontal (Metopic) suture (formed by either side of the frontal bone befrore fusion at 1-3 years old)

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4
Q

What is the Bregma?

A

The point at which the coronal and the saggital sutures meet (intersect each other)

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5
Q

What is the supraorbital foramen?

A

The foramen above the orbits

Lateral to the frontal notch

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6
Q

What is the frontal notch?

A

Notch medial to the supraorbital foramen

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7
Q

What is a tuberocity?

A

A rounded prominence on a bone for muscle/ligament attachment

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8
Q

What passes through the supraorbital foramen?

A

SupraORBITAL artery

Lateral branch of the supraOBITAL nerve

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9
Q

What passes through the frontal foramen?

A

SupraTROCHLEAR artery

Medial branch of the supraORBITAL nerve

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10
Q

What passes through the frontal foramen?

A

SupraTROCHLEAR artery

Medial branch of the supraORBITAL nerve

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11
Q

What is the function of the sphenoid bone?

A
  • Attachment of muscles
  • Give ridigity to the skull (makes up the base of the skull)
  • Contributes to the middle cranial fossa
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12
Q

What are the parts of the sphenoid bone?

A
  • Body
  • Lesser wing
  • Greater wing
  • Pterygoid process
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13
Q

What does the body of the sphenoid contribute to?

A

The nasal cavity

Medial wall of the optic canal

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14
Q

What does the body of the sphenoid contribute to?

A

The nasal cavity

Medial wall of the optic canal

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15
Q

What sinuses do the sphenoid bone house and where?

A

The sphenoid sinuses (behind the nasal cavity and divided by the septum)

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16
Q

What does the lesser wing of the sphenoid contribute to?

A

The optic canal

Orbit

17
Q

What does the optic canal contain?

A

The optic nerve and the infalmic? artery

18
Q

What does the greater of the sphenoid contribute to?

A

Orbit

19
Q

What are the pterygoid processes of the sphenoid?

A

Extensions of the basal surface of the body

20
Q

What is the sphenooccipital suture?

What happens to it when age?

A

The suture between the sphenoid bone and the occipital bone

Fuses at the age of 25

21
Q

What are the foramens of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone?

A

1) Foramen rotundum
2) Foramen ovale
3) Foramen spinosum
4) Foramen lacerum (medially)

22
Q

What passes through the foramen roundum?

A

The MAXILLARY nerve

23
Q

What passes through the foramen ovale?

A

The MANDUBULAR nerve

Accessory meningeal arteries

24
Q

What passes through the foramen spinosum?

A

The SPINOUS nerve

The middle meningeal vessels

25
Q

What passes through the foramne lacerum?

A

The artery and nerve of the pterygoid canal

Some venous drainage

26
Q

What are the 3 main branches from the trigeminal nerve?

A

1) Optothalamic
2) Maxillary
3) Mandibular

27
Q

What are the holes that can be seen in the occular orbits from the front of the skull?

A

1) Superior orbital fissure
2) Inferior orbital fissure
3) Optic canal

28
Q

What is the superior orbital fissue?

A

Fissure that lies between the lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid bone

29
Q

What passes through the superior orbital fissue?

A

Many blood vessels and nerves:

  • Occulormotor nerve
  • Trochlear nerve
  • Abducens nerve
  • OPHTHALAMIC nerve branches
  • Opthalamic vein
30
Q

Where is the optic canal?

A

In the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone

31
Q

What passes through the optic canal?

A

The optic nerve

The ophthalmic artery

32
Q

What is the sella turcica?

A

An indentation in the roof of the body of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland

33
Q

What is the carotid sulcus?

A

Groove in the sphenoid bone that houses the carotid artery

34
Q

What is the carotid canal?

Where can it be seen?

A

Passageway into the TEMPORAL bone

Can be seen:
1) From the underneath of the skull - in the temporal bone

2) From the internal skull - where the foramen lacerum is

35
Q

What is the chiamsmatic groove?

A

Connects the 2 optic canals

Transmits the optic nerves

36
Q

Which foramen of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone cannot be seen from the underside of the skull?

A

The foramen rotundum

A Forensic Anatomy (13 decks)

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