Anatomy of the Shoulder

Question 1

Purpose of the shoulder girdle

Answer 1

Connects the arm to the skeleton
Facilitates reaching out into the world
Makes the shoulder extremely mobile

Question 2

Joints of the shoulder

Answer 2

• Clavicle and sternum: sternoclavicular joint
• Clavicle and scapula (acromion process): acromioclavicular joint
• Scapula (glenoid fossa) and humerus: glenohumeral joint*
• Scapula and ribcage (“false joint”): scapulothoracic joint*

Question 3

Stability of the rotator cuff

Answer 3

1.Passive stability through connective tissue:
Joint capsule
Ligaments
Labrum(ring of fibrocartilage deepening the joint socket)

2. Active stability thorough muscles:
   So called SITS-Muscles:
   Supraspinatus (abducts the humerus)
   Infraspinatus (externally rotates the humerus)
   Teres minor (externally rotates the humerus)
   Subscapularis (internally rotates the humerus)

Question 4

Muscles of the shoulder girdle

Answer 4

Rhomboids
Serratus Anterior
Trapezius
Deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major und minor