Anatomy of Bones and Joints

Question 1

Purpose of the bones

Answer 1

1. Create structure and support
2. Protect the internal organs
3. Allow for movement at joints through muscles and tendons
4. Calcium and mineral salts storage
5. Production of blood cells

Question 2

Composition of the bones

Answer 2

1/3 is made of collagen, which is organic and extremely elastic
2/3 is made of mineral salts - non-organic - which gives the bones their hardness

Question 3

Types of joints

Answer 3

Synovial joint (knne, shoulder etc.)
Cartilaginous joints (between vertebrae)
Immovable joints (skull)

Question 4

Types of synovial joints

Answer 4

Ball and socket
Hinge
Pivot (between C1 and C2)
Saddle
Condyloid
Plane

Question 5

Types of cartilage

Answer 5

Articular (hyaline) Cartilage
-Coats the ends of the bones to reduce friction
-very smooth
-Damage: osteoarthritis

Fibrocartilage
-tough and durable
-provides shock absorption for example between intervertebral discs