Anatomy Of The Heart Flashcards
Where do the phrenic nerves descend across the heart?
The lateral borders
What does epicardium do?
Secretes pericardial fluid lubricant
Where is the pericardial cavity?
Between the 2 layers of serous pericardium
What is Haemopericardium?
When the pericardium fills with blood
What is Pericardiocentisis?
Drainage of fluid from the pericardial cavity.
Needle inserted via infrasternal angle
What is the transverse pericardial sinus?
Space within the pericardial cavity
Where is the transverse pericardial sinus?
Posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
Where is the apex found?
Left side, 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line.
What would shift the apex beat to the left?
Cardiomegaly
Where does the right coronary artery sit?
The coronary groove
What does the coronary groove indicate?
Markings for the tricuspid valve
Where does the left coronary artery sit?
In the anterior interventricular groove
What does the anterior interventricular groove Mark?
Boundary between the 2 ventricles
What is the carotid sinus?
Short venous conduit in arterioventricular groove which receives deoxygenated blood from most of the cardiac veins and drains it into the right atrium
What does the posterior interventricular groove indicate?
Boundary between ventricles on the diaphragmatic surface
Where do the coronary arteries arise from?
Ascending aorta
What does the Right coronary artery branch into?
Right marginal artery and posterior interventricular artery
What does the left (main stem) coronary artery branch into?
Circumflex artery
Left marginal
LAD
What does a septal defect result in?
The mixing of arterial and venous blood
What does mixed arterial and venous blood lead to?
A reduction in oxygen content of systemic arterial blood in the aorta.
Hypoxaemia
What is the 1st heart sound produced by?
Closure of tricuspid and mitral valves
What produces the 2nd heart sound?
Pulmonary and aortic valves shutting together.
Where would you auscultate to listen to the aortic valve?
2nd right intercostal space
Sternal edge
Where would you auscultate to hear the pulmonary valve?
2nd left intercostal space
Sternal edge
Where would you auscultate the tricuspid valve?
4th left intercostal space
Sternal edge
Where would the mitral valve be auscultated?
5th intercostal space
Mid-clavicular line
