Anatomy of Amphioxus Flashcards
Vertical longitudinal plane passing from head to tail through the center of the body from dorsal to ventral surfaces
Median Plane
Any vertical longitudinal plane through the body- that is, the median plane or any plane parallel to it, sometimes designated as parasagittal
Sagittal Plane
Any horizontal longitudinal section through the body- that is, all planes at right angles to the median plane and parallel to the dorsal and ventral surfaces
Horizontal or frontal Plane
Section cuts vertically across the body at right angles to the sagittal and horizontal planes
Transverse or cross-plane
Line in the median sagittal plane extending from head to tail
Longitudinal or anteroposterior axis
Any line in the median and sagittal plane extending from dorsal to ventral surfaces
Sagittal or dorsoventral axis
Any line in the transverse plane running from side to side
Transverse or mediolateral
Three axes of bilateral symmetry
Longitudinal, transverse, and sagittal
Plane which passes through the longitudinal and Sagittal axes
Median Sagittal Plane
Regular repetition of body parts along the anteroposterior axis
Metamerism or Segmentation
Each division is termed a (3 divisions)
Metamere, segment, somite
Animal is said to exhibit both external and internal segmentation;
Internal metamerism is present
The segmentation of the animal body into nearly- like segments is spoken of as
Homonomous
The majority of segmented animals in which the various segments differ from each other to a greater or less extent
Heteronous
Is a primitive and generalized state in which the various segments are more or less independent and capable of performing all necessary functions
Homonomous segmentation
The segmented groups of animals are (3)
Annelids, anthropods, chordates
Metamerism in the chordate line began in the hemichordates , where gonads show evidence of serial repetition
Pseudometamerism
An intrinsic similarity indicative of a common evolutionary origin
Homology
Animals closely related by descent may differ greatly in general appearance after a long sojourn in different environments, such as seals and cats
Divergence
They have a notochord which is a dorsal nerve cord and gill slits
phylum Chordata
Phylum Chordata comprises of 4 subphyla
- Hemichordata (acorn worms)
- Urochordata (tunicates)
- Cephalochordata (amphioxus)
- Vertebrata
Cephachordates consists of 2 genera
Branchiostoma and Asymmetron
Means sharps both ends is a member of the genus
Branchiostoma
Small animal, only about 2-3 inches in length, that can be found lying along sandy seashores in temparate zones
Amphioxus