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ANATOMY > ANATOMY LT3 - RESPI HISTO > Flashcards

ANATOMY LT3 - RESPI HISTO Flashcards

1
Q

What are the contents of the CONDUCTING portion of the Respiratory System

A

Nasal Cavities, Nasopharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi, Bronchioles, Terminal Bronchioles

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1
Q

Bony shelflike projections extending from each lateral wall covered by thin mucosa improve the conditioning of the inspired air by increasing the surface area of respiratory epithelium creates turbulence in the airflow

A

Conchae

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1
Q

Constriction of the Trachealis: (Increases or Decreases) the diameter

A

Decreases

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1
Q

(Trachea or Bronchus) Hyaline Cartilage arragement: C shaped

A

Trachea

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1
Q

Brioncholes (Lining)

A

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Without Goblet Cells (there may be a few goblet cells)

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2
Q

Vestibular fold (lining)

A

respiratory epithelium

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2
Q

What is function of the stratified squamous epithelium of the VOCAL CORDS?

A

designed for harsh environment to avoid dehydration of its tissue and to avoid abrasion via friction damage

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2
Q

Function of Elastic Fibers in Alveolar Sac

A

Enable the alveoli to expand with inspiration and to contract passively with expiration

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3
Q

Paranasal Sinus (Lining)

A

Thinner respiratory epithelium with goblet cells

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5
Q

Extends from the superior border of the epiglottis to the inferior borther of the cricoid cartilage

A

Laryngopharynx

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6
Q

Lining of the Lingual side of the epiglottis

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

most abundant cells in respiratory epithelium very prominent numerous small mitochondria beneath the cilia that supply ATP for ciliary beating

A

Ciliated Columnar Cells

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7
Q

The cell type in Alveoili whose major function is to produce surfactant

A

Type II Alveolar

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7
Q

Alveolar Macrophages/Dust Cells

A

found in alveoli and interalveolar septum and its major role is phagocytosis of erythrocytes lost from damaged capillaries and airborne particulate matter that entered the alveoli

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8
Q

Alveolar Duct (Lining)

A

attenuated simple squamous alveolar cells

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10
Q

Cells in respi that secrete mucous, traps foreign substances and are made up of mucin glycoprotein

A

Goblet Cells

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11
Q

Which respiratory portion has this function: Main site for gas exchange of O2 and CO2 between inspired air and the blood

A

Respiratory Portion

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12
Q

What kind of cartilage is present in the epiglottis, cuneiform, corniculate, tips of superior arytenoid

A

Elastic Cartilage

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13
Q

Most anterior and dilated portion of the nasal cavity

A

Vestibule

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15
Q

Larynx (Function)

A

maintenance of open airway, serves as valve to prevent swallowed food from entering the trachea, voice, phonation and sound production via folds

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17
Q

Skeletal muscle that regulates tension fold and ligaments and is used for pitch control

A

Vocalis Muscle

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19
Q

Large venous plexuses in the lamina propria. Directs air through the othern asal fossa to allow respiratory epithelium to recover from dessication. Richly vascularized. Direction of blood flow is opposite to flow of air, resulting to warming and humidification of air

A

Swell Bodies

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21
Q

False vocal cords, upper fold

A

Vestibular Fold

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23
Q

Why can’t there be goblet cells in Terminal Bronchioles?

A

Goblet cells produce mucous which may clog the terminal bronchiole

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25
Q

what type of cells are respiratory epithelium?

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells with goblet cells

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26
Q

Irregular tube connecting pharynx to trachea

A

Larynx

27
Q

Trachealis muscle (Function)

A

regulation of lumen; has fibroelastic ligament for prevention of over distension of trachea

28
Q

Closed cavities in the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones

A

Paranasal Sinus

29
Q

(Trachea or Bronchus) Smooth muscle characteristics: Spanning open ends of c-shaped rings

A

Trachea

30
Q

Separates one alveoli from another alveoli

A

alveolar wall/Inter-alveolar Septum

31
Q

Epiglottis (function)

A

that prevents food and fluid from entering airway passages

32
Q

Function to equalize air pressure between adjacent alveoli and promote collateral circulation of air

A

Alveolar Pores/Pores of Kohn

33
Q

Type of respiratory cells that secrete hormones and are part of the diffused endocrine system Resembles basal cells but with numerous granules with dense cores

A

Small granule cells/ Kulchitsky cells

34
Q

Number of C Shaped hyaline cartilage in Lamina Propia of the Trachea?

A

16-20 C Shape hyaline cartilages rings

35
Q

Secretes mucous Found at the lamina propia Washes previous odoriferous stimulli so that new stimulus can be perceived

A

Bowman’s gland/Olfactory gland

36
Q

Hyaline cartilage in Trachea (Function)

A

Keeps tracheal lumen open

37
Q

Respiratory cells that function as generative stem cells and undergo cell division when needed Small rounded cells that lie on basal lamina

A

Basal Cells

38
Q

Relaxation of the Trachaealis: (Increases or Decreases) the diameter

A

Increases

39
Q

(Trachea or Bronchus) Location of cartilage: Anterior Part

A

Trachea

40
Q

Nasopharynx (Function)

A

conduct, warm and moisten inspired air

41
Q

In between layers of the alveolar wall that is full of capillaries and connective tissues. It is the richest capillary network of the body

A

Intersitium

42
Q

found in lamina propria thick short hairs with sebaceous and sweat glands that filter out large particles from the inspired air

A

Vibrissae

43
Q

Vocal Cord (lining)

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

44
Q

Clara Cells (Function)

A

secretes surfactant to lower the surface tension to prevent sticking of the walls of the alveoli during expiration. Also functions as stem cells to replace the injured epithelial cells. For detoxification and secretes antimicrobial peptides

45
Q

Three parts of the Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

46
Q

Respiratory portion that provides conduit for movement of air to and from the lungs conditions inspired air

A

Conducting Portion

47
Q

Nasopharynx (Lining)

A

respiratory epithelium

48
Q

Oropharynx (lining)

A

respiratory epithelium

49
Q

What glycoprotein are goblet cells composed of?

A

Mucin Glycoprotein

50
Q

Function of Paranasal Sinus

A

Resonance of sound

51
Q

(Trachea or Bronchus) Hyaline Cartilage arragement: Irregular Plates

A

Bronchus

52
Q

Sac like evaginations of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar

A

Alveoli

53
Q

OPENING of alveoli (lining)

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

54
Q

Muscle that relaxes during swallowing to facilitate passage of food by allowing esophagus to bulge into tracheal lumen while the elastic layer then prevents excessive distention of the lumen

A

Trachealis Muscle

55
Q

True Vocal Cord, lower fold

A

Vocal Fold/ Cord

56
Q

Chemoreceptors that react to the changes in the composition of gases in the airway, involved in the reparative process of epithelial cells

A

Neuroepithelial Bodies

57
Q

Trachea (Lining)

A

respiratory epithelium

58
Q

(Trachea or Bronchus) Smooth muscle characteristics: Criss-Cross Spiral bindles

A

Bronchus

59
Q

What are the contents of the RESPIRATORY portion of the Respiratory system

A

respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts alveoli

60
Q

Nasopharynx (Site)

A

Found in the lamina propria of the nasopharynx: medial pharyngeal tonsil

61
Q

Ligament beneath epithelium of vocal cord

A

Vocal Ligament

62
Q

Gas exchange occurs at this level

A

Respiratory Bronchiole

63
Q

What kind of cartilage is present in the thyroid, cricoid and inferor arytenoid

A

Hyaline Cartilage

64
Q

Function of Reticular Fibers in Alveolar Sac

A

Serve as support that prevents overdistention and damage to the delicate capillaries and thin alveolar speta

ANATOMY (9 decks)

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