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LSS 2 > Anatomy - Liver, Biliary System and spleen > Flashcards

Anatomy - Liver, Biliary System and spleen Flashcards

1
Q

What ligaments make up the lesser omentum?

A
  • Gastrohepatic ligament

- Hepatoduodenal ligament

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2
Q

Name the ligament attaching the stomach to the spleen

A

Gastrosplenic ligament

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3
Q

Name the ligament attaching the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall

A

Splenorenal ligament

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4
Q

Name the ligament connecting the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

A

Falciform ligament

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5
Q

How does is the liver in contact with the diaphragm?

A

Directly - via the bare area of the liver

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6
Q

Describe the surface anatomy of the liver

A
  • Deep to ribs 7-11
  • Mistly under the ribs
  • In the right hypochondrium, epigastrium, and left hypochondrium
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7
Q

What is the ligmentum teres?

A
  • The remnant of the left umbilical vein, the ligamentum teres is attached to the free edge of the falciform ligament of the liver.
  • Also called the round ligament
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8
Q

How is the liver divided anatomically?

A
  • Right and left lobes via the falciform ligament
  • Caudate and quadrate lobe
  • Quadrate lobe is sitting on the gallbladder
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9
Q

What is the ligamentum venosum?

A

Remnant of the ductus venosus

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10
Q

What are the ligaments on the superior surface of the liver?

A
  • Coronary ligament (over the right lobe)

- Left triangular ligament (over the left lobe)

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11
Q

How is the liver divided functionally?

A
  • Split by the gall bladder and IVC
  • Right vascular lobe
  • Left vascular lobe (contianing caudate and quadrate)
  • Both lobes splitted into 4 functionally independent lobules
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12
Q

How are the quadrate and caudate lobes marked out?

A
  • Grooves for foetal veins

- Porta of the liver (hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct)

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13
Q

List the anatomical relations of the liver

A
  • Covered by costal margin except in the upper epigastrium

- Visceral surface in contact with the stomach, duodenum, right kidney and colon

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14
Q

Name the recesses in the liver

A
  • Two subphrenic recesses, the right and left. Between the diaphragm and the liver
  • Separated by the falciform ligament
  • Potential spaces in the supracolic compartment of the greater sac
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15
Q

List the arteries supplying blood to the liver

A

Right and left hepatic arteries from the hepatic artery proper (branch of common hepatic artery from celiac trunk).

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16
Q

How does venous blood from the liver drain?

A

Directly into the IVC via 3 short hepatic veins

17
Q

List the 4 sites of portal-systemic anastomeses in the gut

A
  • Oesophageal veins to left gastric veins
  • Inferior rectal vein to superior rectal vein
  • Epigastric vein to paraumbilical vein
  • Retroperitoneal vein to visceral vein
18
Q

Why are portal-systemic anastamoses important?

A
  • They become dilated if portal blood flow through the liver is obstructed in disease
  • Haemmorage is common in the oesophageal and recal veins
19
Q

Describe the pathway of bile drainage

A
  • Right and left hepatic ducts combine to form the common hepatic duct
  • This and the cystic duct combine to form the common bile duct
  • Common bile duct passes behind 1st part of duodenum and the head of the pacreas to enter the 2nd part of the duodenum at the major papilla, joining the major pancreatic duct
20
Q

Name the structure formed by the pancreatic duct and bile duct joining

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater

21
Q

Where is the sphincter of oddi?

A

At the ampulla of vater, controlling entry of bile into the duodenum

22
Q

Name the sphincters of the bile duct and pancreatic duct

A
  • Sphincter of bile duct (common hepatic duct to ampulla of Vater)
  • Sphincter of pancreatic duct (main pancreatic duct to amulla of Vater)
23
Q

What is cholecystoenteric fistula?

A

A connection between the gallbladder and duodenum where large gallstones ma enter the duodenum

24
Q

Describe the position of the spleen

A

(- Largest lymphoid organ in the body)

  • Suspended in the dorsal foregut mesentery
  • Lies posteriorly on the left under ribs 9-11
25
Q

List the relations of the spleen

A
  • Stomach
  • Left kidney
  • Splenic flexure of the colon
  • Tail of the pancreas
26
Q

List the components of the hilum of the spleen

A
  • Splenorenal and gastrosplenic ligament
  • Short gastric and left gastro-omental vessels in the gastrosplenic ligament
  • Splenorenal ligament contains splenic vessels and the tail of the pancreas
  • Both ligaments are part of the greater omentum
27
Q

List the blood vessels supplying the spleen

A
  • Splenic artery from the celiac trunk
  • WIggly so is called serpentine splenic
  • Drained by the splenic vein (part of the hepatic portal system)

LSS 2 (32 decks)

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