Alimentary Systems - Hormones and their Functions

Question 1

What affects gastrin secretion?

Answer 1

• In the stomach it is stimulated by distention
• In the duodenum it is stimulated by high pH and amino acids
• The PNS increases production via the vagus nerve

Question 2

List the effects of gastrin after secretion

Answer 2

• Increases acid production via histamine

- Increases stomach motility

Question 3

Which cells produce gastrin?

Answer 3

G cells in the antrum of the stomach

Question 4

What affects cholecystokinin secretion?

Answer 4

• Low pH in the stomach

- Fatty acids and peptides in the duodenum

Question 5

List the effects of cholecystokinin after secretion

Answer 5

• Decreased motility
• Increased bile release in the hepatobiliary system
• Increased enzyme production in the pancreas

Question 6

Which cells produce cholecystokinin?

Answer 6

I cells

Question 7

What affects secretin secretion?

Answer 7

• Low pH in the stomach

- Low pH in the duodenum

Question 8

What is the effect of secretin?

Answer 8

• Decreased acid and gastrin production in the stomach

- Increased bicarbonate production in the pancreas

Question 9

List the stimuli of GIP

Answer 9

Amino acids, glucose and fatty acids in the duodenum

Question 10

List the effects of GIP

Answer 10

• Inhibits acid production in the stomach

- Increases insulin secretion in the pancreas

Question 11

What cells produce secretin?

Answer 11

S cells in the duodenum

Question 12

Which cells produce GIP?

Answer 12

L cells, mainly in the proximal duodenum

Question 13

List the stimuli of somatostatin

Answer 13

• Low pH in the stomach

- Inhibited by vagus nerve stimulation

Question 14

List the effects of somatostatin

Answer 14

• In the stomach, decreased acid and pepsinogen
• In the intestine, decreased bicarbonate and decreased absoroption
• In the pancreas, decreased insulin, glucagon, enzymes and bicarbonate