Alimentary System 9 - Obesity Flashcards
1
Q
When is a person considered obese?
A
When they have a BMI of 30 or more
2
Q
Describe the epidemiology of obesity
A
- Over time the population is becoming more obese
- Obesity increases with age, peaking at 55-64
- Affecting the whole world
- More prevalent in lower classes
3
Q
In which ethnic groups is obesity highest?
A
- Caucasian
- Bangladeshi
Regionally higher in Scotland and North England
4
Q
How does smoking affect BMI?
A
BMI is low but there is greater central obesity
5
Q
List some of the genes involved in obesity
A
- Neuropeptide Y
- Dopamine
- Leptin receptor
- Serotonin receptor
- Glycagon-like peptide 1 receptor
6
Q
What is the cost of treating diabetes?
A
Direct + indirect costs of up to 3.7 billion
7
Q
List the effects of obesity
A
- Coronary heart disease is the biggest killer
- Osteoarthritis
- Diabetes
- Gout
- Stroke
- Depression
- Sleep apnoea
- Gall stones
- Cancers
- Infertility
8
Q
What disease has the closest relationship with obesity?
A
Type 2 diabetes
9
Q
How is waist circumference measured?
A
- Midpoint between the lowest rib and iliac creast
- 1cm above the navel
10
Q
What is the action level when waist circumference starts to increase?
A
- Action level 1 is where health risk is increasing (women over 80cm men over 94cm)
- Action level 2 is where professional help is needed (women 88cm men 102cm)
11
Q
How does action level two change in south asian people?
A
- Men 90cm
- Women 80 cm
12
Q
What do the NICE guidelines recommend for obesity management?
A
- Diet
- Exercise
- Behavioural therapy
- Drug treatment
- Surgery
