ANATOMY lecture 11 :blood fo the circc. Flashcards
def of artery
bood moving away from heart
true or false: arteries branch to form smaller artereis?
truw
what is an arteriole
Small arteries <0.5 mm diameter = Arteriole
Where do arterials disperes their • O2 and nutrients
into Capillaries
wehre does diffusion take palce
cappilarries
what is the waste product of cellelur activaity picked up by
venules
what to venules join to form
veins
what are the 3 layers of an atery
tunica intima (interna) tunica media tunica extrema (adventitia)
expalin tunica interna
Inner layer formed by squamous epithelium
• Inner wall forms the hole (Lumen)
• Attached by connective tissue to the middle layer (tunica media)
explain tunica media
Thick intermediate layer formed by smooth muscle and elastic
tissue
explain tunia extrema (adventitia)
Outermost fibrous layer
• Can contain some smooth muscle
be able to label the layers of an artery
.
why are arteries flexible
because of the tunica media
what is it called when arteries harden with age?
arterioscleorsis
what is is called when Lumen narrowing due to deposition of fats on walls and what can it cause
Atherosclerosis
• Can cause a heart attack or stroke
explain anastomosis
• Small adjacent arteries can form to accommodate blood
flow
• Connecting arteries = ANASTOMOSIS
• Anastomosis is collateral circulation
what are capillary walls formed by
Walls formed by single layer of epithelial cells (simple
squamous) =tunica interna
what do capillaries form
Forms the most important part of the circulatory system
Ø CAPILLARY BED
what is the diamter of caps
1mm long x 8-10 microns diameter
where do capillaries locate
Between arterioles and venules
what happens at the capillaries
Essential exchange of materials to maintain consistency
of internal environment
be able to understand capillary bed diagram
explain sphincters in veins
SPHYNICTERS CLOSE AND STOP BLOOD FLOW TO THAT AREA SIGNIFICALLY (BLOOD
CAN STILL GO THROUGH BUT WONT FILL UP THE ENTIRE THING)
true of false: veins have the same 3 coats as arteries
true
is the tunica media thinner in veins or artiereis
veins
true of false: there are Often two or more veins to accompany each artery and explain
true Ø Venae Commitantes
true or false: veins dont have valves
FALSE
what is the purpose of veins
Aid in blood flow back to the heart
what are the valves in veins made of
folds of Tunica Intima (Interna)
be able to know the layer of veins and valves diagram
what is varicose veins
when the valves dont close propely and blood can still flow through with gravity and pool
what are the 3 parts of the aorta
ascending aorta
arch
descending
what are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
- (Right) Brachiocephalic Trunk (Artery)
• Right Subclavian Artery
• Right Common Carotid Artery - Left Subclavian Artery
- Left Common Carotid Artery
be bale to label of aorta and branches on diagram
.
WHERE do the common carotid arterjes go to
Common Carotid Arteries enters the head and neck
region
where do the vertebral arteries branch from and where do they enter
left and righ.t vertebral arteries wbranch from the
Subclavian arteries and enter the head and neck region
when does subclavian artery change to axilla artery
Where Subclavian A. exits from under the first rib, it
changes name to Axillary Artery
when does axillary cahnge to brachial
When Axillary reaches humerus at bicipital groove, it
changes its name to Brachial Artery
where do the Anterior and Posterior Humeral Circumflex Arteries go
around the humeral neck
where and what does the brachial artery bifurcare
Brachial Artery bifurcates below the elbow (usually) into
the Radial Artery (lateral) and Ulnar Artery (Medial)
what to the radial and ulnar atery divide into and what does it from
divides into superfical and deep branches
Form the Superficial and Deep Palmar Arches
where do digical arteries branch from
Digital Arteries branch from these palmar arches
what do you find in the hand that join to form veins
tributaries
what are the 2 main large veins in the arm
cephalic and basilic
where does the cephalic vein travel through
deltopectoral groove
after the cephalic vein travels through the deltopectoral, what does it go into
axillary vein
which is more lateral: cephalic of brachial
cephalic si lateral
brachial is medial
in the cubital region, what are the cephalic and brachial veins conncteed by
median cubital vein
what do the deep veins in the arm form
brachial veins
when brachial and basilic join, what do the form
the axillary vein
what holds the sxillary artery and vein together?
axillary sheath
where does the external jugular bein enter
subclavian vein
where does the INTERNAL JUGULAR Vein join and what does it form
the Subclavian Vein to
form the BRACHIOCEPHALIC Vein
