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258: Physiology > ANATOMY lecture 11 :blood fo the circc. > Flashcards

ANATOMY lecture 11 :blood fo the circc. Flashcards

1
Q

def of artery

A

bood moving away from heart

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2
Q

true or false: arteries branch to form smaller artereis?

A

truw

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3
Q

what is an arteriole

A

Small arteries <0.5 mm diameter = Arteriole

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4
Q

Where do arterials disperes their • O2 and nutrients

A

into Capillaries

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5
Q

wehre does diffusion take palce

A

cappilarries

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6
Q

what is the waste product of cellelur activaity picked up by

A

venules

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7
Q

what to venules join to form

A

veins

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8
Q

what are the 3 layers of an atery

A 
tunica intima (interna)
tunica media
tunica extrema (adventitia)
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9
Q

expalin tunica interna

A

Inner layer formed by squamous epithelium
• Inner wall forms the hole (Lumen)
• Attached by connective tissue to the middle layer (tunica media)

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10
Q

explain tunica media

A

Thick intermediate layer formed by smooth muscle and elastic

tissue

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11
Q

explain tunia extrema (adventitia)

A

Outermost fibrous layer

• Can contain some smooth muscle

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12
Q

be able to label the layers of an artery

A

.

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13
Q

why are arteries flexible

A

because of the tunica media

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14
Q

what is it called when arteries harden with age?

A

arterioscleorsis

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15
Q

what is is called when Lumen narrowing due to deposition of fats on walls and what can it cause

A

Atherosclerosis

• Can cause a heart attack or stroke

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16
Q

explain anastomosis

A

• Small adjacent arteries can form to accommodate blood
flow
• Connecting arteries = ANASTOMOSIS
• Anastomosis is collateral circulation

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17
Q

what are capillary walls formed by

A

Walls formed by single layer of epithelial cells (simple

squamous) =tunica interna

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18
Q

what do capillaries form

A

Forms the most important part of the circulatory system

Ø CAPILLARY BED

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19
Q

what is the diamter of caps

A

1mm long x 8-10 microns diameter

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20
Q

where do capillaries locate

A

Between arterioles and venules

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21
Q

what happens at the capillaries

A

Essential exchange of materials to maintain consistency

of internal environment

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22
Q

be able to understand capillary bed diagram

A
23
Q

explain sphincters in veins

A

SPHYNICTERS CLOSE AND STOP BLOOD FLOW TO THAT AREA SIGNIFICALLY (BLOOD
CAN STILL GO THROUGH BUT WONT FILL UP THE ENTIRE THING)

24
Q

true of false: veins have the same 3 coats as arteries

A

true

25
Q

is the tunica media thinner in veins or artiereis

A

veins

26
Q

true of false: there are Often two or more veins to accompany each artery and explain

A

true Ø Venae Commitantes

27
Q

true or false: veins dont have valves

A

FALSE

28
Q

what is the purpose of veins

A

Aid in blood flow back to the heart

29
Q

what are the valves in veins made of

A

folds of Tunica Intima (Interna)

30
Q

be able to know the layer of veins and valves diagram

A
31
Q

what is varicose veins

A

when the valves dont close propely and blood can still flow through with gravity and pool

32
Q

what are the 3 parts of the aorta

A

ascending aorta
arch
descending

33
Q

what are the 3 branches of the aortic arch

A
  1. (Right) Brachiocephalic Trunk (Artery)
    • Right Subclavian Artery
    • Right Common Carotid Artery
  2. Left Subclavian Artery
  3. Left Common Carotid Artery
34
Q

be bale to label of aorta and branches on diagram

A

.

35
Q

WHERE do the common carotid arterjes go to

A

Common Carotid Arteries enters the head and neck

region

36
Q

where do the vertebral arteries branch from and where do they enter

A

left and righ.t vertebral arteries wbranch from the

Subclavian arteries and enter the head and neck region

37
Q

when does subclavian artery change to axilla artery

A

Where Subclavian A. exits from under the first rib, it

changes name to Axillary Artery

38
Q

when does axillary cahnge to brachial

A

When Axillary reaches humerus at bicipital groove, it

changes its name to Brachial Artery

39
Q

where do the Anterior and Posterior Humeral Circumflex Arteries go

A

around the humeral neck

40
Q

where and what does the brachial artery bifurcare

A

Brachial Artery bifurcates below the elbow (usually) into

the Radial Artery (lateral) and Ulnar Artery (Medial)

41
Q

what to the radial and ulnar atery divide into and what does it from

A

divides into superfical and deep branches

Form the Superficial and Deep Palmar Arches

42
Q

where do digical arteries branch from

A

Digital Arteries branch from these palmar arches

43
Q

what do you find in the hand that join to form veins

A

tributaries

44
Q

what are the 2 main large veins in the arm

A

cephalic and basilic

45
Q

where does the cephalic vein travel through

A

deltopectoral groove

46
Q

after the cephalic vein travels through the deltopectoral, what does it go into

A

axillary vein

47
Q

which is more lateral: cephalic of brachial

A

cephalic si lateral

brachial is medial

48
Q

in the cubital region, what are the cephalic and brachial veins conncteed by

A

median cubital vein

49
Q

what do the deep veins in the arm form

A

brachial veins

50
Q

when brachial and basilic join, what do the form

A

the axillary vein

51
Q

what holds the sxillary artery and vein together?

A

axillary sheath

52
Q

where does the external jugular bein enter

A

subclavian vein

53
Q

where does the INTERNAL JUGULAR Vein join and what does it form

A

the Subclavian Vein to

form the BRACHIOCEPHALIC Vein

258: Physiology (25 decks)

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