Anatomy Lab - Quiz 3 (Introduction to Muscles) Flashcards
Places where bones meet; articulations.
Joints
Name three structural types.
1 - Fibrous
2 - Cartilaginous
3 - Synovial
Name the structural type where bones are joined by fibrous connective tissue.
Fibrous
Name the structural type where bones are joined with cartilage in between.
Cartilaginous
Name the structural type where bones are enclosed lubricating surface.
Synovial
Name 4 fibrous structural types.
Sutures
Syndesmosis
Gomphosis
Interosseous membrane
Name 2 cartilaginous structural types.
Synchondrosis
Symphysis
Name 6 synovial structural types.
Hinge Plane Pivot Condyloid Saddle Ball-and-Socket
Name 3 joint types.
Synarthrotic
Amphiarthrotic
Diarthrotic
Which joint type is immovable?
Synarthrotic
Which joint type is slightly movable?
Amphiarthrotic
Which joint type is freely movable?
Diarthrotic
Decrease in angle between bones.
Flexion
Increase in angle between bones.
Extension
Moving towards midline.
Adduction
Away from midline.
Abduction
Combination of above 4; being able to trace a circle.
Circumduction
On the hands, anatomical, palms forward.
Supination
On the hands, palms backwards, moving away from anatomical position.
Pronation
Foot goes up, stand on heel.
Dorsiflexion
Foot goes down, stand on toes.
Planterflexion
On feet, soles of feet face medially.
Inversion
On feet, soles of feet face laterally.
Eversion
Rotate towards midline.
Medial Rotation
Rotate towards lateral side of body.
Lateral Rotation
Simple model (representation) of mechanics of how a joint works.
Lever System
A _____________ is a simple “machine” in physics.
Lever System
Fixed point around which movement occurs.
Fulcrum
Rigid bar or rod with forces applied to it.
Lever
Weight of the thing being moved.
Load
Amount of force applied to the lever to move something.
Effort
(Load - Fulcrum distance) (Load) =
(Effort - Fulcrum distance) (Effort)
Name three types of muscles.
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
