Anatomy Lab - Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are the four characteristics of the anatomical position?
1 - standing erect 2 - feet together, pointing forward 3 - arms at sides 4 - palms forward
Name two types of planes.
Longitudinal Planes and Horizontal Planes
Name two types of longitudinal planes.
Sagittal and Frontal
Name two types of sagittal planes.
Midsagittal (Median) and Parasagittal
Name one type of horizontal plane.
Transverse
What is another name for midsagittal?
Median
What is another name for frontal?
Coronal
What is a longitudinal plane?
a plane that goes through center facing long ways
What is a sagittal plane?
cut into left and right
What is a midsagittal plane?
splits body down the midline. separates the body into equal left and right sides. symetrical
What is a parasagittal plane?
splits the body into unequal left and right portions
What is a frontal plane?
splits the body into the front and back. not symetrical
What is a transverse plane?
cut into upper and lower body but can be in any place
Directional Terms: Posterior and Anterior
behind/front
Directional Terms: Dorsal and Ventral
back/stomach
Directional Terms: Medial and Lateral
closer to midline/further from midline
Directional Terms: Superior and Inferior
Up/Down
Directional Terms: Proximal and Distal
(appendages) closer to attachment/further
Directional Terms: Superficial and Deep
Closer to surface/more internal
Directional Terms: External and Internal
Closer to surface/more internal
Directional Terms: Right and Left
right or left on the body in question (not mine)
What are the regions of the body?
Axial Region and Appendicular Regions
What are the Axial Regions?
Head, Neck, and Trunk (torso)
What is another word for “trunk”?
torso
What are four regions of the trunk?
Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis, and Perineum
Where is the perineum area?
the area between legs around anus and external genitalia
What is the appendicular region?
Upper Limb (arm) and lower limb (legs)
What is another name for the upper arm?
Brachium or brachial
What is another name for the front of the elbow?
antecubital or Cubital fossa
What is another name for the forearm?
antebrachium or antebrachial
What is another name for the hand?
manus or manual
Name four parts of the manus.
carpal (wrist area of base of hand) palm ( also called palmar or volar) (area supported by the metacarpal skeleton) dorsum manus (back of hand) digits (fingers) pollex (thumb)
What is another name for the wrist area or the base of the hand?
carpus or carpal
What is the area supported by metacarpal skeleton called?
palm or palmar or volar
What is another name for the back of the hand?
dorsum manus
What is another name for the fingers?
digits, digital, or phalangeal
what is another name for the thumb?
pollex
What body parts are considered the lower limb?
Buttocks (gluteal region), Thigh (femoral), Popliteal fossa, Crus (shank) (leg), Pes (pedal) (foot)
What areas are part of the buttocks?
Natal cleft (intergluteal cleft), Gluteal Fold (between inferior buttock and the thigh)
What area is part of the Crus, (shank), (leg)?
Sural region (calf)
What areas are part of the Pes (pedal) (foot)?
tarsus (ankle area or base of pes), heel (calcaneal), sole (plantar region), Dorsum pedis (top of foot, analog of back of hand), Digits (toes) (phalangeal)
What is the big toe?
hallux
What is the hand?
manus
What is the lower limb?
leg
What is the buttocks?
gluteal region
What is the thigh?
femoral
What is the back of the knee?
popliteal fossa or popliteal
What is the crural?
crus (shank) (leg)
What is the calf region?
Sural region
What is the foot?
Pedal, Pes, foot
What is the ankle area or base of pes?
tarsus (tarsal)
What is the heel?
calcaneal
What is the sole of the foot?
plantar region
What is the top of the foot or analog of the back of the hand?
dorsum pedis
What are the toes?
digits or phalangeal
What is another name for the palm?
palmar or volar
What is another name for the leg?
crus (shank) (crural)
What is another name for the foot?
pedal (pes)
What is another name for the heel?
calcaneal
What is another name for the sole?
plantar region
What are the surface features of the trunk?
Axilla Umbilicus Mamma Inguina Region Pubic Region
What is another name for the area of the armpit?
axilla or axillary region
What is another name for the navel?
umbilicus
What is another name for the breast?
mamma (mammary) (mammae)
Name two parts of the breast (mamma).
Mammary Papilla (nipple) and the Areola
What is another name for the nipple?
mammary papilla
What is the dark colored area of skin surrounding the nipple?
areola
What is the area where the lower abdomen meets anteromedia thigh?
inguinal region (groin)
What is another name for the groin area?
inguinal region
What is the area around the pubic symphysis?
public region (pubis)
Name the feature of the pubic area or area around pubic symphsis.
external genitalia
What are reproductive organs visible at the surface of the body?
external genitalia
What are two external genitalia?
vulva, penis and scrotum
Name the two main body cavities.
dorsal body cavity and the ventral body cavity
Name two parts of the dorsal body cavity.
cranial cavity and the spinal cavity (vertebral canal)
What is another name for the spinal cavity?
vertebral canal
Name two main cavities of the ventral body cavity.
thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
What cavity has parts lined with serous membrane?
ventral body cavity
Name the three cavities that make up the thoracic cavity.
pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, and the mediastinum
What cavity is lined with pleura and surrounds the lungs?
pleural cavity
What cavity is lined with pericardium and contains the heart?
pericardial cavity
Name the two cavities that make up the abdominopelvic cavity.
abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
The abdominal cavity is lined with what serous membrane?
peritoneum
Tissues covering the body and internal linings.
epithelium
One cell layer thick
simple
More than one cell layer
stratified
What epithelial tissue is this?
simple squamous epithelium
What is this epithelial tissue?
simple cuboidal epithelium
What epithelial tissue is this?
simple columnar epithelium
What epithelial tissue is this?
stratified squamous epithelium
Which connective tissue is loose
areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue
Which connective tissue is fat and loose?
adipose tissue
Which connective tissue is the dermus of our skin?
dense irregular connective tissue
Which connective tissue has fibers that run parallel, tendons, and can be called white fibers connective tissue?
dense regular connective tissue
Which connective tissue is this?
(review drawing on study guide)
areolar connective tissue
What connective tissue is this?
adipose tissue
What connective tissue is this?
(refer to drawing in study guide)
dense irregular connective tissue
What connective tissue is this?
dense regular connective tissue
Most of the body is covered with this, has 4 layers.
Thin Skin
There are 5 layers of this, includes the palm of your hand and sole of your feet.
thick skin
Name the layers of the skin.
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
What are five parts of the epidermis?
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum (thick skin only)
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
What layer of the skin is made up of stratus?
epidermis
What layer of the skin is mostly dense irregular connective tissue?
dermis
What layer of the skin is adipose tissue (subcutaneous)?
hypodermis
Other structures of the integument and integumentary derivatives.
hair follicle
sebaceous glands
sweat glands
dermal papillae (hair papilla)
epidermal pegs
epidermal ridges
Part of the hair follicle
arrector pili
Two parts of the sweat glands.
eccrine
apocrine
What is another name for hair papilla?
dermal papillae
STUDY THE DIAGRAM ON THE LAST PAGE OF YOUR STUDY GUIDE!
Structure of the Integument and Integumentary Derivatives
What is another name for the intergluteal cleft?
natal cleft
What is another name for the region between the inferior buttock and the thigh?
gluteal fold
What are the surface features of the trunk?
the axillary region, umbilicus, breast (mamma), groin (inguinal region), and the pubic region (including the external genetalia)
What cavity is the central portion of the thoracic cavity between the lungs and contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and several large blood vessels?
mediastinum
What is another name for the head region?
cephalic
What is another name for the skull?
cranial
What is another name for the face?
facial
What is another name for the neck?
cervical
What is another name for the anterior surface of the knee?
patellar
What is another name for the hip?
coxal
What is another name for the breastbone?
sternal
What is another name for the chin?
mental
What is another name for the mouth?
oral
What is another name for the nose?
nasal
What is the name cheek?
buccal
What is the name of the ear?
otic
What is another name for the eye?
orbital or ocular
What is another name for the temple?
temporal
What is another name for the forehead?
frontal
What is another name for the base of the skull where it meets the neck on the posterior side?
occipital
What is another name for the shoulder blade?
scapular
What is another name for the spinal column?
vertebral
What is another name for the back of the elbow?
olecranal or cubital
What is another name for the front of the elbow?
antecubital
What is another name for the area between the hips?
sacral
What is another name for the lumbar region?
the loin
What is another name for the shoulder?
acromial
What is another name for the tailbone?
Coccygeal
