Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Lab > Anatomy Lab - Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Lab - Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Long Bones

A
  1. greater length than width
  2. Diaphysis (shaft) and a number of
    epiphyses or extremities (ends)
    slightly curved to absorb the stress of
    the body’s weight at several points so it
    is evenly distributed
  3. Consist mostly of compact bone tissue,
    but they also contain considerable
    amounts of spongy bone tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some examples of long bones?

A
  1. humerus (arm bone)
  2. ulna and radius (forearm bones)
  3. femur (thigh bone)
  4. tibia and fibula (leg bones)
  5. metacarpals (hand bones)
  6. metatarsals (foot bones)
  7. phalanges (fingers and toe bones)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some characteristics of short bones?

A
  1. Somewhat cube-shaped and nearly
    equal in length, width, and depth
  2. Spongy bone except at surface, where
    there is a thin layer of compact bone.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Examples of short bones.

A
  1. most carpal (wrist) bones

2. most tarsal (ankle) bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Characteristics of sesamoid bones.

A

Only a few millimeters to centimeters in diameter except for the two patellae.
Special type of short bone, formed entirely inside of a tendon (patella)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of sesamoid bones.

A
  1. patellae (kneecaps)
  2. in the joints of the palmar surface of the
    hands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Characteristics of flat bones.

A 
1.  Thin and composed of two nearly 
     parallel plates of compact bone 
     enclosing a layer of spongy bone.
2.  Protection and areas for muscle 
     attachment.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of flat bones.

A
  1. cranial (skull) bones
  2. the sternum (breastbone)
  3. ribs
  4. the scapulae (shoulder blades)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Characteristics of irregular bones.

A
  1. complex shapes
  2. vary in the amounts of spongy and
    compact bone they contain.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Examples of irregular bones.

A
  1. vertebrae (backbones)
  2. certain facial bones
  3. calcaneus (heel bone)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Long, cylindrical, main portion of bone.

A

diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

proximal and distal ends of bone

A

epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Layer of cartilage that allows growth of the diaphysis

A

epiphyseal plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The cartilage in the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone when bone growth in length stops.

A

epiphyseal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hollow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow and numerous blood vessels.

A

medullary cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Connective tissue sheath that surrounds the bone surface wherever cartilage does not cover it.

A

periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity.

A

endosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Repeating structural units.

A

osteon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Circular channel running longitudinally in the center of an osteon.

A

central canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Blood vessels and nerves from the perisosteum penetrate the compact bone.

-perpendicular to long axis

A

perforating canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Circular plates of a mineralized extracellular matrix of increasing diameter, surrounding a small network of blood vessels and nerves located in the central canal.

-concentric, circumferential, and interstitial

A

lamellae

22
Q

Small spaces between the concentric lamellae.

A

lacunae

23
Q

Thin columns of lamellae that are arranged in an irregular pattern.

A

trabeculae

24
Q

Tiny channels which are filled with extracellular fluid.

-connect lacunae with one another and with the central canals

A

canaliculi

25
Q

Bone building cells incise canaliculi.

-synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components needed to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue.

A

osteocytes

26
Q

Molecules secreted by cells that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.

A

extracellular matrix

27
Q

Cell that has secreted the matrix of cartilage and becomes embedded in it.

A

chondrocytes

28
Q

Connective tissue that envelops cartilage where it is not at a joint.

A

perichondrium

29
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Small rounded projection or process.

A

tubercle

30
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Large rough projection.

A

tuberosity

31
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process; only on femur

A

trochanter

32
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Projection above a condoyle

A

epicondyle

33
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent

A

crest

34
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Narrow ridge of bones; less prominent than a crest

A

line

35
Q

Attachment point for muscles/ligaments:

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection; usually relatively high

A

spine

36
Q

Rounded, articular projection.

A

condyle

37
Q

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface.

A

facet

38
Q

Enlarged, rounded projection with a narrow constriction (neck)

A

head

39
Q

Bend in a bone.

A

angle

40
Q

Branch or arm off the main part (body) of a bone.

A

ramus

41
Q

Canal-like passageway through a bone.

A

meatus

42
Q

Tunnel-like passageway through a bone.

A

canal

43
Q

Cavity within a bone; filled with air and lined with a mucous membrane

A

sinus

44
Q

Shallow depression on a bone; may serve as an articular surface.

A

fossa

45
Q

Deeper, narrow depression or furrow on a bone; may have a tendon run through it.

A

groove

46
Q

Indentation at the edge of a structure.

A

notch

47
Q

Little pit or indentation; muscle or ligaments may attach.

A

fovea

48
Q

Narrow, slit-like opening; blood vessels or nerves run through it.

A

fissure

49
Q

Groove on a bone.

A

sulcus

50
Q

Round or oval hole through or extending into a bone; blood vessels or nerves run through it.

A

foramen

Anatomy Lab (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions