Anatomy II Flashcards
Extends from the tip of the chin to the shoulders and chest and depresses the lower jaw and lip, as in expressing sadness.
Platysma
extends along the side of the neck from the ear to the collarbone and moves the head from side to side and up and down, as in nodding yes or no.
Sternocleido Mastoideus
located under the arm.
Serratus Anterior
runs parallel to the ulna.
Supinator
runs across the front of the lower part of the radius and the ulna.
Pronator
is located mid forearm, on the outside of the arm.
Extensor Radialis
___ ____ are also called________ or red corpuscles. they carry oxygen and contain a protein called Hemoglobin.
Red blood cells, Erythrocytes
________ attracts oxygen molecules through a process known as _______.
Hemoglobin, Oxygenation
___ ____ are called _______ or white corpuscles. they help protect the body by fighting bacteria and other foreign substances, increase in number when infection invades the body.
White blood cells, Leucocytes
______ or _______ begin the process of coagulation, or clotting, when exposed to air or trauma in the skin tissue, such as bruising.
Blood platelets, thrombocytes
are any vessels through which blood circulates in the body.
Blood vessels
are tubular, elastic, thick-walled branching vessels that carry oxygenated blood away form the heart through the body.
Arteries
are tubular, elastic, thin walled branching vessels that carry oxygen depleted blood from the capillaries to the heart.
Veins
are small vessels that take nutrients and oxygen from the arteries to the cells and take waste products from the cells to the veins.
Capillaries
the _______ ______ coordinates and controls the overall operation of the human body by responding to both internal and external stimuli.
Nervous System
the study of the nervous system is?
Neurology
the brain controls all _ subsystems of the nervous system.
3
is the large, rounded structure of the brain that occupies the upper, front part of the crainial cavity. it is the center of higher mental functions, such as thought, emotion and memory.
Cerebrum
regulates motor function, muscle movement and balance. directly below the cerebrum.
Cerebellum
is a prominent band of nerve tissue that connects other parts of the brain to the spinal column.
Pons
is composed of the brain and spinal cord. the central nervous system controls all voluntary and involuntary body action.
Central or Cerebrospinal Nervous System
is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the voluntary muscles of the body and to the surface of the skin.
Peripheral nervous system
is part of the central nervous system, and controls the respiratory, digestive, circulatory, excretory, endocrine and reproductive system.
Autonomic nervous system
the __________ nervous system which slows the heart rate, dilates blood vessels and lowers blood pressure.
Parasympathetic
are short fibers extending from the nerve cell.
Dendrites
are the threadlike fibers extending from the cell.
Axons, or Processes
are the junctions across which nerve impulses pass.
Synapses
carry messages to the brain and spinal cord. these are the nerves that provide our sense of smell, sight, touch hearing and taste.
Sensory, or afferent nerves
carry messages from the brain to the muscles.
Motor, or efferent nerves
twelve pairs of nerves originate in the brain.
Cranial nerves
5th, sensory, Chief sensory nerve of the face. Sensations of face, tongue and teeth.
Trigeminal or Trifacial
12th, motor, Motion of neck muscles.
Acessory
branch extends to the muscles of the chin and lower lip.
Mandibular
an enzyme, is responsible for the breakdown of protein into Polypeptide Molecules and free amino acids, which are of particular importance to the production of hair, skin and nails.
Pepsin
begins the breakdown of nutrients.
Small Intestine
is the body’s largest organ. it releases water, carbon dioxide and other waste through the sweat glands.
Skin
secretes bile and converts and neutralizes ammonia from the circulatory system to Urea
Liver
receive urea from the liver and then pass the urea through small tubelike structures known as Nephrons. the urea is then excreted from the body as urine
Kidneys
spongy muscles composed of cells into which air enters when you inhale.
Lungs
a muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen.
Diaphragm
the mucus membranes in the nose, called _______, filter out dust and dirt.
Vibrissae
